Musculoskeletal

Question 1

what do bones, muscles and joints do

Answer 1

support
movement
protection
production
storage

Question 2

what to bones produce

Answer 2

calcium
rbc’s
wbc’s
platelets
phosphorus

Question 3

what do ligaments do

Answer 3

connect bones

Question 4

what do tendons do

Answer 4

connect muscle to bone

Question 5

what is crepitus

Answer 5

cracking sounds

Question 6

what is passive ROM

Answer 6

provider moving the pt

Question 7

what is active ROM

Answer 7

pt moving on their own

Question 8

what does a 5/5 muscle strength indicate

Answer 8

full ROM against gravity, full resistance

Question 9

what does a 4/5 muscle strength indicate

Answer 9

full ROM against gravity, some resistance

Question 10

what does a 3/5 muscle strength indicate

Answer 10

full ROM w/ gravity

Question 11

what does a 2/5 muscle strength indicate

Answer 11

full ROM w/ gravity eliminated (passive motion)

Question 12

what does a 1/5 muscle strength indicate

Answer 12

slight contraction

Question 13

what does a 0/5 muscle strength indicate

Answer 13

no contraction

Question 14

what is a goniometer

Answer 14

an instrument for the precise measurement of angles

Question 15

what are some developmental considerations for infants

Answer 15

c shaped spine
observe for tuft of hair or dimple
spina bifida

Question 16

what is lordosis

Answer 16

curvature of lower spine

Question 17

what are some developmental considerations for toddler preschool and school age children

Answer 17

lordosis
genu varum
genu valgum
pes plantus (flat feet)
pigeon toes (toeing in)
subluxination: nurse maids elbow

Question 18

what are some developmental considerations for adolescents

Answer 18

sports injuries
tech neck
scoliosis
kyphosis

Question 19

what are some developmental considerations for pregnant women

Answer 19

postural changes
lordosis
forward cervical flexion
waddling gait

Question 20

what should you assess for in pregnant women

Answer 20

lumbosacral hyperflexion
carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 21

what are some developmental considerations for aging adults

Answer 21

spine compresses-vertebrae column shortens
decrease in height
shortening of trunk
dorsal kyphosis
feet widely spread
reduction in total muscle mass
decrease fat in periphery, more in abdomen/hips

Question 22

what do you assess for aging adult

Answer 22

functional assessment of adl’s
fine and gross motor skills
cognitive ability
ask ab assistive devices
get up and go test
osteoporosis risk assessment
dexa scan
FRAX calculator

Question 23

how much calcium should women under 50 receive daily

Answer 23

1000 mg

Question 24

how much calcium should women over 50 receive daily

Answer 24

1200 mg

Question 25

how much calcium should males under 70 receive daily

Answer 25

1000 mg

Question 26

how much calcium should males over 70 receive daily

Answer 26

1200 mg

Question 27

how much vitamin d should individuals under 50 receive daily

Answer 27

400-500 IU’s

Question 28

how much vitamin d should individuals over 50 receive daily

Answer 28

800-1000 IU’s

Question 29

what group is osteoporosis more prevalent in

Answer 29

caucasian women/post menopausal (smaller…increased risk)

Question 30

rheumatoid arthritis is 2.5x higher in males or females

Answer 30

females

Question 31

what are some considerations for RA

Answer 31

appears in cold
affects joints bilaterally

Question 32

what are some considerations for osteoarthritis

Answer 32

swollen and hard
unilateral

Question 33

what are some considerations for ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 33

men 2:1 ratio
late adolescent/early 20’s