12.1 Nasal Injury, Epistaxis, FB in Nostril, Nasal Medication Flashcards
(13 cards)
The ___ is the most commonly fractured bones in the face
Nasal bones
Signs of nasal fracture
- Obvious deviation of skeleton or deformity
- difficult control epistaxis
- nasal obstruction, septal hematomas
- rhinorrhea (CSF leakage
- tenderness
- palpable
Nasal injury:
Assessment for orbital and maxillofacial involvement
Orbital involvement :
Periorbital ecchymoses, haematoma
Change of vision
Integrity of orbital rim
Eye movement
maxillofacial involvement :
Teeth and bite problem
Trismus (lockjaw)
Trismus
Lockjaw
Class for pattern of nasal fractures
1 depression or displacement
2 C-shaped fracture
3 bone rotate backward, saddle type deformity, pig-like, +/- rhinorrhea
Management for nasal fracture
- elevated head
- ice therapy
- reduction of fracture: Within hours or 7-10 day after injury
- management of traumatic epistaxis and septal hematoma
Septal hematoma
- Presence of haematoma under perichondrium
- Lead to ischemia septic necrosis with perforation or septal collapses
- develop septal abscess, meningitis, brain abscess
Management: incision and drainage
NOE complex fracture
nasoorbitiethmoidal
Maxillae, lacrimal, laninae papyraceae, ethmoid bone, sphenoid bone
Traumatic anosmia
Damage olfactory nerve fibres
(Smelling function)
Surgical management of nasal fracture
- Septiplasty: control bleed and prevent hematoma formation
- Rhinoplasty: surgical correction of nasal deformities to reshape cartilage, need nasal pack and application of external splint
Signs of excessive bleeding or hematoma
Examine back of throat with light
Excessive swallowing
Purpose of nasal medication
- Administer medication into nose
- Loosen secretions and facilitate drainage
- To moisten nasal mucosa
Procedure of nasal drops administeration
Lie down
Shake the bottle
Ask patient breath by mouth
Hold bottle just about nostril
Keep head tilted back for few mins
Not to blow nose
Do not repeat dosage of sneeze
