8.1 Adolescence: Principle of Care, Nutrition, Eating Disorders

Question 1

Age of adolescence

Answer 1

10-19

Question 2

Leading cause of adolescence death

Answer 2

Injury
Diarrheal disease
TB
Maternal condition
Violence
Self harm
LRTI
HIV/ AIDS

Question 3

Protecting needs of adolescent health

Answer 3

Family
Healthcare
Schools
Air, water, hygiene
Safe transport
Laws

Question 4

Principle of adolescence care

Answer 4

• Develop and implement evidence-based guideline
• Offer friendly health services
• Raise public awareness
• Make recommendations to government

Question 5

5-17: accumulate ___ mod-vigorous intensity physical exercise daily

HPV vaccination for girls aged ____

Answer 5

> 60mins
9-13

Question 6

HEADS assessment for adolescent

Answer 6

Home
Education, employment
Eating
Activity
Drugs
Safety
Sexuality
Suicide, depression

Question 7

Aims of HEADS assessment

Answer 7

Detect
- health and developmental problems
- whether engage in behaviour that risk -ve health outcome
- factor in environment that affect them engaging in unhealthy behaviour

Question 8

Specific caloric intake for adolescence based on ___

Answer 8

Ages, gender, activities level

Question 9

Health eating food pyramid for adolescence
(Grains, vegetables, fruits, meat fish egg, milk, fat oil sugar, fluid)

Answer 9

Grains: 4-6 bowls
vegetables: >3 servings
fruits: >2 servings
meat fish egg: 4-6 taels🏓
milk: 2 servings
fat oil sugar: the least
fluid: 6-8 glasses

Question 10

Health diets in adolescence

Answer 10

Variety of foods
Vegetables and fruits (lower NCD risk)

Unsaturated > saturated, tans fat
Sugar: Less than 6 teaspoons daily
Salt: «<2g/day

Potassium: 2300-3400mg
(control BP, CVD)
Iron supplementation

Question 11

Eating disorders
Risk group
AN, BN, BED, EDNOS

Answer 11

Adolescence and young age, female

AN Anorexia nervosa
BN Bulimia nervosa
BED Binge eating disorder
EDNOS Eating disorder not otherwise specified

Question 12

AN
Diagnostic criteria

Answer 12

Anorexia nervosa
Serious psychiatric disorder, can be life-threatening

1. Significant low BW
2. Intense fear of gaining weight,
   with persistent behaviour that interferes weight gain
3. Profound disturbance in body image, denial seriousness of current low BW

Question 13

Subtype of AN

Answer 13

1. Restrictive type
2. Binge eating/ purging type (purging behaviour)

Question 14

Serious complications of AN

Answer 14

Cardiac dysrhytgmias
BS
Hypotension
Anemia
Osteoporosis
Abnormal liver function
Dehydration, renal failure

Question 15

BN diagnostic criteria

Answer 15

Bulimia nervosa

1. Recurrent episodes of binge eating and sense of lack control
2. Extreme weight-control behaviour
3. At least once a week for 3 month

Question 16

Cause of self-induced vomiting

Answer 16

Recurrent vomiting leads to
Tooth decay, salivary gland enlargement, esophageal tears, stomatitis, electrolytes imbalance, red marks leave on fingers

Question 17

BED diagnostic criteria

Answer 17

Binge eating disorder

Regular episode of binge eating, until feeling uncomfortably full, marked distress
- at least once a week for 3 months
- not associated with use of inappropriate extreme weight loss behaviour

Question 18

EDNOS

Answer 18

Eating disorder not otherwise specified

Binge and purge irregularly

Question 19

Role of psychotherapy for eating disorders

Answer 19

E.g. CBT, interpersonal, family-based psychotherapy

Change diet habit and improve self image

Question 20

Role of dietetic consultation for eating disorders

Answer 20

Recognise fallacies ideas of food consumption
Tailor-made eating plans
Weight restoration

Question 21

Medication treatment for eating disorders

Answer 21

Antidepressants

Question 22

Nursing diagnosis of eating disorders

Answer 22

Imbalance nutrition
Chronic low self esteem
Disturbed body image
Risk of complication of electrolyte imbalance