Adult Musculoskeletal

Question 1

How many bones are in the adult skeletal system?

Answer 1

206

Question 2

Damage to ligaments are called?

Answer 2

sprains

Question 3

Damage to tendons are called?

Answer 3

strains

Question 4

Which cells reabsorb bones?

Answer 4

osteoclasts

Question 5

Which cells build bones?

Answer 5

osteoblasts

Question 6

What are 8 age-related musculoskeletal system changes?

Answer 6

decreased muscle mass, size, and muscles look smaller
decrease in muscle tone
decreased amount of elastic tissue
slower muscle response
decrease in elasticity of tendons and ligaments
decreased range of motion and stiffness
decreased joint mobility
osteoporosis

Question 7

What are common areas affected by osteoporosis?

Answer 7

vertebrae, wrists, and hips

Question 8

What are assessments that should be done on a patient that may have osteoporosis?

Answer 8

strength, CMS checks, ROM, deformity, swelling, crepitus, strength

Question 9

What percentage of women will have a fragility fracture?

Answer 9

40%

Question 10

What typically causes osteoporosis?

Answer 10

hormonal changes, deficiency of calcium and vitamin D

Question 11

How is osteoporosis diagnosed?

Answer 11

DEXA scan

Question 12

What score is indicative of osteoporosis on a DEXA scan?

Answer 12

-3.0 to -4.0

Question 13

Which vitamin supplements are recommended to prevent osteoporosis?

Answer 13

calcium and vitamin d

Question 14

What is fallophobia?

Answer 14

fear of falling

Question 15

What does a splint or cast do?

Answer 15

immobilize

Question 16

What does a closed reduction do?

Answer 16

manipulate

Question 17

What does external fixation do?

Answer 17

immobilize

Question 18

What does internal fixation do?

Answer 18

surgical way to reduce fractures

Question 19

What does skin traction do?

Answer 19

pulls, realigns, and immobilizes

Question 20

what does skeletal traction do?

Answer 20

pins or tongs are inserted into the bones for imobilization

Question 21

5 major complications of fractures

Answer 21

infection, DVT, pulmonary embolism, compartment syndrome, fat emboli

Question 22

What can compartment syndrome result in?

Answer 22

Fasciotomy

Question 23

What are signs of a fat emboli?

Answer 23

respiratory distress, neuro changes, petechial rash

Question 24

What pulses need to be assessed with a fracture?

Answer 24

distal