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Pharamcology > Antipsychotics > Flashcards

Antipsychotics Flashcards

1
Q

Classify antipsychotic drugs

A
  1. Phenothiazines
  2. Thioxanthenes
  3. Butyrophenones
  4. Atypical antipsychotics
  5. Others
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2
Q

What is the mechanism of action of antipsychotics

A
  1. Conventional antipsychotics block D2 receptors in the limbic system in meso critical areas
  2. Atypical antipsychotics block 5HT2 Receptors in the mesolimbic system
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3
Q

What are the actions of chlorpromazine in the CNS

A
  1. Reduces agitation and aggressiveness
  2. reduces spontaneous movements
  3. suppresses hallucinations and delusions
  4. relieves anxiety
  5. corrects disturbed thought and behaviour
  6. does not affect intelligence but impairs vigilance
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4
Q

How does chlorpromazine affect the endocrine system

A

Blocks dopamine receptors which are prolactin inhibitory factor.

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5
Q

What are the adverse effects of antipsychotics

A
  1. Parkinsonism
  2. acute dystonias
  3. Akathisia
  4. neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  5. tardive dyskinesia
  6. muscarinic, Alpha-1 and H1 receptor blocking
  7. weight gain
  8. Endocrine
  9. hypersensitivity
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6
Q

How do you cure drug induced parkinsonism from antipsychotics

A

Central acting anti-cholinergics

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7
Q

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome caused by antipsychotic can be cured by which drug

A

IV dantrolene

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8
Q

Which Antipsychotic drugs cause weight gain

A

Clozapine and olanzapine

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9
Q

Which drug is a reserve a drug for antipsychotics

A

Clozapine

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10
Q

Which antipsychotic drugs cause QT prolongation

A

Quetiapine
Amisulpiride

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11
Q

What is the other name of adverse effects of chloropromazine

A

Extra Pyramidal symptoms

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12
Q

What are the side effects of clozapine

A
  1. Sedation
  2. salivation
  3. seizures
  4. weight gain
  5. hypotension
  6. agranulocytosis
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13
Q

What are the side effects of olanzapine

A
  1. Dry mouth
  2. constipation
  3. weight gain
  4. rarely EPS
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14
Q

Which drug is used if there is resistant cases of schizophrenia

A

Clozapine

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15
Q

Which drug is useful for the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with migraine or emesis to the anti-cancer drugs

A

Prochlorperazine

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16
Q

Which drugs treat hiccoughs

A

chlorpromazine

17
Q

What are other therapeutic uses of antipsychotics

A
  1. Schizophrenia
  2. mania (can be used in bipolar disorder)
  3. an anti-emetic
  4. intractable hiccough
18
Q

Name phenothiazines

A
  1. chlorpromazine
  2. Triflupromazine
  3. Trifluperazine
  4. Thioridazine
  5. Fluphenazine
19
Q

Name thioxanthene drugs

A

Thiothixene

20
Q

Name butyrophenone drugs

A
  1. Haloperidol
  2. Trufluperidol
21
Q

Name atypical antipsychotics

A
  1. Resperidone
  2. Clozipine
  3. Olanzapine
  4. zotepine
  5. aripiprazole
  6. ziprasidone
  7. Amisulpiride
  8. Quetuapine
  9. Zotepine
22
Q

Name other drugs used as an antipsychotic agent

A
  1. Loxapine
  2. Pimozide
23
Q

Which drugs can elevate lithium levels in the blood

A
  1. Loop diuretics
  2. NSAIDs
  3. angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)
  4. Thiazides
  5. dehydration (condition)
24
Q

Which drugs increase renal clearance of lithium

A

Caffeine
Theophylline

25
Q

What other drugs can be used for bipolar disorder

A
  1. Anti-convulsions
  2. antipsychotics
  3. Benzodiazepines
  4. Valporic acid
26
Q

What are the adverse effects of lithium

A
  1. Tremor, sedation, ataxia, aphasia
  2. thyroid enlargement
  3. Edema
  4. acneiform skin
  5. leucocytosis
  6. nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
27
Q

Which drug may cause congenital cardiac anomalies if taken in pregnancy

A

Lithium

28
Q

Which type of phenothiazine Causes the toxic effect of retinal pigmentation

A

Thioridazine

29
Q

Which drug may cause ocular disfunction

A

Thioridazine

30
Q

What are the toxic effects of thioridazine

A
  1. Ocular dysfunction
  2. Conduction defects in the heart and can cause fatal ventricular arrhythmias

Pharamcology (15 decks)

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