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anatomy & physiology 019 > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

muscle that crosses the anterior side…

A

produce flexion

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2
Q

muscle that crosses posterior side…

A

produces extension

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3
Q

muscle that crosses lateral side

A

produces abduction

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4
Q

muscle that crosses medial side

A

produces adduction

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5
Q

Muscle actions of the head and neck

A
  1. facial expression
  2. extrinsic eye muscles
  3. muscles of mastication
  4. muscles of swallowing and speech
  5. muscle of neck for head movement (sternocleidomastoid)
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6
Q

muscle of vertebral column

A

prime mover of back extensions and maintenance of posture, contributor to lateral bending rotation of vertebral column

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7
Q

external intercostal

A

elevates ribs, inspiration

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8
Q

internal intercostal

A

depresses ribs, expiration

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9
Q

diaphragm

A

prime mover of inspiration, contraction expands thoracic activity

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10
Q

rectus abdominus

A

flex and rotate vertebral column

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11
Q

external oblique

A

flex vertebral column, compress abdominal contents, lateral bending

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12
Q

Internal oblique

A

flex vertebral column, compress abdominal contents, lateral bending

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13
Q

transverse abdominis

A

compress abdominal contents

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14
Q

muscles of pelvis

A

span pelvic outlet, support pelvic organs and regulate urination and defecation

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15
Q

pectoral girdle

A

elevation, depression, upward rotation and protraction, retraction

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16
Q

trapezius

A

elevates scapula and depresses scapula

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17
Q

rhomboid major & minor

A

retracts scapula

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18
Q

levator scapulae

A

elevates scapula

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19
Q

pectoralis minor

A

depresses scapula

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20
Q

serratus anterior

A

protraction and upward rotation

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21
Q

pectoralis major

A

flex, adducts, medially rotates arm

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22
Q

deltoid

A

abducts arm

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23
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

extends, adducts and medially rotates arm

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24
Q

teres major

A

extends, adducts and medially rotates arm

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25
Q

supraspinatus

A

abducts arm

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26
Q

infraspinatus

A

lateral rotation of arm

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27
Q

teres minor

A

lateral rotation of arm

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28
Q

subscapularis

A

medial rotation of arm

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29
Q

biceps brachii

A

flexes and supinates forearm at elbow

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30
Q

brachialis

A

flexes forearm at elbow joint

31
Q

triceps brachii

A

extend forearm at elbow joint

32
Q

hypothenar group

A

moves pinky finger

33
Q

thenar group

A

moves thumb

34
Q

gluteus maximus

A

major extensor of thigh, laterally rotates thigh

35
Q

iliacus

A

flexes thigh at hip joint

36
Q

Psoas major

A

flexes thigh at hip joint

37
Q

rectus femoris

A

flex thigh at hip joint, extends knee as part of quadriceps

38
Q

sartorius

A

flex hip, flexes knee and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint

39
Q

quadriceps femoris

A

extend leg at knee joint, 4 muscles for a common tendon at tibia

40
Q

vastus lateralis

A

extends knee

41
Q

vastus medialis

A

extends knee

42
Q

hamstring (biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus)

A

extension of thigh at hip joint, flexion of leg at knee joint

43
Q

tibialis anterior

A

dorsiflexion of foot, inverts foot

44
Q

extensor digitorum longus

A

extension of toes

45
Q

extensor hallucis longus

A

extension of big toe

46
Q

fibularis longus

A

eversion of foot, plantar flexion

47
Q

gastrocnemius

A

plantar flexion

48
Q

soleus

A

plantar flexion

49
Q

calcaneal tendon

A

Achilles tendon

50
Q

nerve supply to leg

A

tibial nerve, common fibular nerve

51
Q

nerve supply to thigh

A

tibial nerve, obturator ner and femoral nerve

52
Q

sciatic nerve branches

A

tibial nerve and common fibular nerve

53
Q

nerve supply to hands

A

ulnar nerve and median nerve

54
Q

nerve supply to arm

A

musculocutaneous nerve and radial nerve

55
Q

muscle supply to shoulder

A

axillary nerve

56
Q

cardiac muscle

A

consists of small cells that are striated and under involuntary control, fewer myofibrils

57
Q

smooth muscle

A

consists of small elongated cells that are striated and under involuntary control, move substances through internal body channels

58
Q

isotonic contractions

A

muscle generates force and shortens as it lifts weight

59
Q

isometric contractions

A

muscle stays the same length as it develops tension

60
Q

concentric isotonic contractions

A

muscle shortens as it does work

61
Q

eccentric isotonic contraction

A

muscle generates force as it lengthens

62
Q

slow oxidative fibers

A

slow, fatigue resistant, running and maintaining posture

63
Q

fast oxidative fibers

A

intermediate, moderately fatigue resistant, sprinting and walking

64
Q

fast glycolytic fibers

A

fast, fatigable, short term intense, or powerful movements

65
Q

cervical plexus

A

innervates muscles of diaphragm, neck

66
Q

brachial plexus

A

innervates skin and muscle of upper limbs

67
Q

lumbosacral plexus

A

innervates skin and muscles of anterior and medial thigh and kin of medial leg

68
Q

ball and socket joint

A

multiaxial movement

69
Q

condylar joint

A

biaxial movement

70
Q

saddle joint

A

biaxial movement

71
Q

hinge joint

A

uniaxial movement

72
Q

pivot joint

A

uniaxial movement

73
Q

plane joint

A

non axial movement

anatomy & physiology 019 (5 decks)

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