1.2.3) Software Development

Question 1

What is a SDLC?

Answer 1

Software development life cycle

Question 2

What are the 7 steps of SDLC?

Answer 2

• Analysis
• Design
• Development
• Testing
• Implementation
• Evaluation
• Maintenance

Question 3

What happens in the analysis section of the SDLC?

Answer 3

• Stakeholders talk about what they require from the finished product
• The problem is defined
• System requirements are defined
• Existing solutions are analysed

Question 4

What happens in the Design stage of the SDLC?

Answer 4

Algorithms are designed, flow charts created, test plan defined.

Question 5

What happens in the development stage of the SDLC?

Answer 5

Design is split into **individual self contained modules **and modularly programmed.

Question 6

What happens in the testing stage of the SDLC?

Answer 6

The test plan is implemented

Question 7

What are the different types of testing?

Answer 7

• Alpha
• Beta
• Open Box
• Closed Box

Question 8

What is Alpha testing?

Answer 8

When testing is carried out by the developer and bugs are identified

Question 9

What is Beta testing?

Answer 9

When testing is carried out by the end user and feedback is gathered

Question 10

What is open box testing?

Answer 10

Carried out by people who understand the internal structure of the program, testing all possible routes.

Question 11

What is closed box testing?

Answer 11

Carried out by someone unaware of internal structure, verifying it meets requirements solely from inputs and outputs.

Question 12

What happens in the implementation stage of the SDLC?

Answer 12

The software is installed onto user’s systems.

Question 13

What happens in the evaluation stage of the SDLC?

Answer 13

• The effectiveness of the software is evaluated against system requirements
• Other criteria considered- robustness, reliability, portability and maintainability

Question 14

What happens in the maintenance stage of the SDLC?

Answer 14

Any bugs or feedback flagged by end users are updated and sent out in software updates.

Question 15

What are the different types of SDLC?

Answer 15

• Waterfall
• Agile
• Extreme Programming
• Spiral
• Rapid Application Development

Question 16

What happens in the Waterfall cycle?

Answer 16

• The steps are completed in the sequence- Analysis, Design, Implementation, Evaluation, Maintenance
• Analysis includes a feasibility study using TELOS
• If a change needs to be made within the development process, programmers must revisit all levels.

Question 17

What is TELOS?

Answer 17

• T- Technical
• E- Economic
• L- Legal
• O-Operational
• S- Schedulable

Question 18

Def:What are Agile methodologies?

Answer 18

Software development techniques which aim to be more flexible and adaptable

Question 19

How is software developed using an Agile technique?

Answer 19

• The problem is decomposed
• Sections can be at different stages of development
• A working prototype is delivered early on
• prototypes are improved iteratively
• Focuses on user satisfaction

Question 20

What is extreme programming?

Answer 20

• Agile model
• Team of two programmers and end user
• frequent and continuous feedback

Question 21

What is the Spiral Model of development used for?

Answer 21

High risk, large scale projects

Question 22

What happens in a Spiral Model SDLC?

Answer 22

• Project iterates through loops of development visiting the four key stages every time
• If the project is seen as too risky then project is immediately terminated

Question 23

What is RAD?

Answer 23

Rapid application development
* Iterative methodology
* partially functioning prototypes made and put through to focus groups
* user feedback used to generate next improved version

Question 24

Advantages: Waterfall

Answer 24

• Easy to manage
• Well documented

Question 25

Disadvantages: Waterfall

Answer 25

* Not flexible * no risk analysis * limited user involvement

Question 26

When is a waterfall method used?

Answer 26

**Projects that involve:** * Consistent * low risk projects * need little user input * general purpose

Question 27

Advantages: Agile

Answer 27

* High quality * flexible to change * regular user input

Question 28

Disadvantages: Agile

Answer 28

* Bad documentation * Requires consistent user interaction

Question 29

When is the Agile method used?

Answer 29

**Projects that involve:** * Small to medium projects * Unclear requirements

Question 30

Advantages: Extreme programming

Answer 30

* High quality * High usability

Question 31

Disadvantages: Extreme Programming

Answer 31

* Expensive * Teamwork is essential * End user may not be able to present

Question 32

When is extreme programming used?

Answer 32

**Projects that involve:** * Small to medium size * Unclear requirements * Requiring good usibility

Question 33

Advantages: Spiral model

Answer 33

* Highly assessed for risks * Caters to changing needs * Many prototypes

Question 34

Disadvantages: Spiral Model

Answer 34

* Expensive * Lack of focus on efficiency

Question 35

When is a Spiral Model used?

Answer 35

**Projects that involve:** * High risk * intensive * high budget

Question 36

Advantages: RAD

Answer 36

* Caters to changing needs * highly usable finished product * focuses on core features * reduces development time

Question 37

Disadvantages: RAD

Answer 37

* Poor documentation * Fast pace so lower quality

Question 38

When is RAD used?

Answer 38

**Projects that involve:** * Small to medium projects * low budget * short time frame