1- Economic Downturn & Recovery

Question 1

How many people unemployed by 1932?

Answer 1

13 million

Question 2

How many unemployed by the end of 1929

Answer 2

2.5 million

Question 3

What % black people unemployed by 1933

Answer 3

50%

Question 4

What was the % of white people unemployed in 1933

Answer 4

20%

Question 5

What were Hoovervilles

Answer 5

The neighbourhoods and homes set up by people who had lost their homes from being unemployed

Question 6

What caused how many farmers to do what?

Answer 6

A drought in 1931 and poor farming exhausted the soil and caused for it to turn to dust.

More than 1 million farmers moved to work in the fruit growing areas of the west coast. Farmers in the west were happy to employ them as they worked for low wages but locals resented them for stealing jobs.

Question 7

By 1932 what % of the population received no income?

Answer 7

25%

Question 8

In 1932, who marched to Washington DC asking for what?

Answer 8

Bonus marchers (veterans) asking for an early payment for their bonus.

Question 9

What was hoovers reaction to the bonus marchers?

Answer 9

He refused but 5000 remained. They were labelled communists and the army was called in. This reinforced the idea that hoover didn’t care.

Question 10

What republican policies did hoover stick to and what did they mean?

Answer 10

Rugged individualism & Laissez-Faire- individuals responsible for their own lives with no help.

Question 11

What were hoover’s early policies?

Answer 11

Cutting taxes by 130 million,
New construction and repair to roads and dams,
Agricultural Marketing Act 1930- gov lend farmers money to fix prices and ensure they profit.

Question 12

What was hoover’s emergency relief act?

Answer 12

30p million to state gods to help unemployed

Question 13

Which election did Roosevelt win and with how many states

Answer 13

1932 election, won 42 of 48 states.

Question 14

What was Roosevelt’s New Deal

Answer 14

Relief for those affected by the depression,
Recovery from economic effects of depression,
Reform to make sure this couldn’t happen again.

Question 15

What were fireside chats?

Answer 15

Radio broadcasts from FDR to the nation to reassure them and increase optimism

Question 16

What was the Agricultural Adjustment Agency(AAA)

Answer 16

Paid farmers to produce less, this meant that prices rose so farmers could recover.

Question 17

What was the Emergency Banking Act

Answer 17

Prevented banks from investing stocks with savings deposits as too unpredictable

Question 18

What was the Public Works Association

Answer 18

3.3 billion spent on large scale public works

Question 19

Why did people criticise FDR and his new deal?

Answer 19

11.3 million unemployed by end of 1934

Question 20

What year was the 2nd new deal?

Answer 20

1935

Question 21

What was the Wagner act

Answer 21

Protect workers rights

Question 22

What was the Social security act

Answer 22

Gov accepted responsibility for meeting basic needs,
Pension benefits,
Unemployment benefits funded by tax on employers payroll.

Question 23

How was the new deal successful?

Answer 23

Restored faith in gov,
Stabilised the US banking system,

Question 24

How was the new deal unsuccessful?

Answer 24

Only short-term solutions,
Roosevelt did little to end segregation,
Alphabet agencies only provided short-term jobs.

Question 25

Who opposed the new deal and why

Answer 25

Huey long- Roosevelt failed to share nations wealth “share our wealth”

Republicans(represent interests of rich + large businesses)- Roosevelt doing too much to help people and changing govs role.

Question 26

What year was Us vs Butler and what did it do

Answer 26

1936, AAA illegal as giving help to farmers was a matter for each state.

Question 27

When was the sick chickens case and what was it

Answer 27

1935, 4 brothers signed to the NRA(ensured fair prices, wages and competition). They were taken to court for selling diseased chickens but the Supreme Court decided that it was illegal as it gave the fed gov powers to interfere in state affairs.