6- Cold War Rivalry

Question 1

What was agreed at the yalta conference

Answer 1

Germany & Berlin would be divided into 4 zones

Question 2

What was agreed at the Potsdam conference

Answer 2

Each sector would be administered by one of the allies, Russia to receive bulk of reparations as they had highest casualties

Question 3

What was the Truman doctrine

Answer 3

Contain communism

Question 4

What was the Marshall plan

Answer 4

Financial aid to poorer countries who were at risk of communist take over.

Question 5

Why did Stalin create a blockade? What did he do?

Answer 5

To starve allies out of West Berlin by blocking road, rail and canal traffic.

Question 6

What was Truman’s response to the blockade? Why didn’t Stalin do anything

Answer 6

An airlift of supplies, Stalin didn’t want to risk war

Question 7

Why was nato created and when

Answer 7

Promote peace in Europe&prevent soviet expansion, 1949

Question 8

Why was the Warsaw Pact made and when

Answer 8

1955, counter the threat of NATO

Question 9

When was the Berlin crisis, what happened?

Answer 9

1961, increased refugees leaving from east to west Germany (20,000 a month)

Question 10

What was krushchevs solution to the Berlin crisis

Answer 10

Building the Berlin Wall

Question 11

When was the Cuban missile crisis

Answer 11

1962?

Question 12

When was the revolution in Cuba? What happened?

Answer 12

1959, USA supported Batista overthrown by Fidel Castro

Question 13

What did Castro do to us businesses in Cuba, what happened as a result?

Answer 13

Ejected all US businesses,
USA refused to buy cubas biggest export (sugar)
USSR offered to buy it

Question 14

What was the bay of pigs invasion

Answer 14

A failed invasion authorised by jfk that drew Castro closer to ussr

Question 15

What did the ussr begin to install in Cuba? Why was it bad?

Answer 15

Ballistic missiles, major security issue as they were so close to the USA in Cuba.

Question 16

What did jfk impose to stop missiles reaching Cuba?

Answer 16

A naval blockade

Question 17

What letters did Khrushchev send jfk

Answer 17

USSR would force through blockade and was prepared to use nuclear weapons in war.

Question 18

What did Khrushchev say to jfk asking him to remove missiles from Cuba

Answer 18

He would if USA removed missiles from turkey and didn’t invade Cuba

Question 19

The USA agreed to remove missiles from turkey but do what?

Answer 19

Make it a secret

Question 20

Who lead north Vietnamese, what political ideology was he?

Answer 20

Ho chi minh, communist

Question 21

Who lead the south, when was he overthrown?

Answer 21

Diem, 1963

Question 22

What was operation rolling thunder- was it successful?

Answer 22

A us bombing campaign in the hope to destroy Vietcong supply routes to the south. Unsuccessful and encouraged even greater support for the war from North Vietnam

Question 23

Who were the Vietcong

Answer 23

Supporters of north in south

Question 24

What was search and destroy?

Answer 24

Set fire to villages thought to be supporting Vietcong.
High civilian casualties

Question 25

How did guerrilla tactics compare to the us

Answer 25

Very effective in the jungle compared to high tech, ineffective us methods.

Us troops very inexperienced and didn’t understand why they were fighting.

Question 26

What caused Nixon to promise to withdraw from Vietnam

Answer 26

High levels to opposition to war at home due to casualties, media and failure to win

Question 27

When was the peace treaty, what happened to Vietnam?

Answer 27

Jan 1973, Vietnam because communist

Question 28

What was brinkmanship

Answer 28

Tactic of pushing the situation to the verge of war in order to encourage your opponent to back down

Question 29

How was chemical warfare used

Answer 29

Agent orange- a defoliant that destroyed jungle cover.
Napalm- a type of bomb that caught on fire and stuck to the victim

Question 30

What did the partial test ban following the Cuban missile crisis mean and when was it

Answer 30

1963, USA&USSR agreed to stop testing nuclear weapons in the atmosphere