Arousal Flashcards

1
Q

What is arousal?

A

An energised state, a readiness to perform.

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2
Q

Which theory is linear, explained by the formula P = f(D x H)?

A

Drive theory (Hull 1943)

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3
Q

What does P = f(D x H) stand for?

A

Performance = drive x habit strength

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4
Q

Which theory talks about the dominant response?

A

Drive theory (Hull 1943)

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5
Q

What is the inverted U theory?

A

The theory that links arousal and performance by stating that increased arousal improves performance to an optimal point at moderate levels of arousal.

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6
Q

What is the best area to be in according to the inverted U theory?

A

The zone of optimal function

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7
Q

What is the zone of optimal functioning?

A

An area of controlled arousal and high performance.

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8
Q

What are the problems with the inverted U theory?

A

• Optimal arousal may not always occur at the mid-point of the curve

• One curve does not explain the different optimal levels of arousal needed for simple and complex tasks

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9
Q

What is the catastrophe theory?

A

The theory suggesting that increased arousal improves performance to an optimal point but there is a dramatic reduction in performance when arousal increases beyond the optimal.

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10
Q

What causes the sudden drop in performance according to the catastrophe theory?

A

Muscular tension, increased heart rate, loss of concentration, and fear about performance.

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11
Q

What is attentional wastage?

A

It’s when a performer’s concentration is misdirected to irrelevant cues. Can damage performance especially in novices.

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12
Q

What is attentional narrowing?

A

It’s when a performer is aroused so they focus on certain cues and ignore others. Linked to dominant response.

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13
Q

What is social loafing?

A

When individual loss of motivation in a team player due to a lack of performance identification when efforts aren’t recognised.

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14
Q

What is the Ringelman effect?

A

When a team’s performance decreases with group size.

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15
Q

What is peak flow performance?

A

The ultimate intrinsic experience felt by athletes from a positive mental attitude, with supreme confidence, focus and efficiency.

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16
Q

What is the dominant response?

A

The stand-out response that the performer thinks is correct.