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Brandon’s Anatomy Flash Cards > Unit 5 part 3 > Flashcards

Unit 5 part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What path do bronchial arteries follow?

A

run and subdivide with the airways to bronchial capillaries

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2
Q

Where do left bronchial veins drain?

A

Accessory hemiazygos vein
left superior intercostal vein

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3
Q

How to left bronchial veins run?

A

retrograde with left bronchial arteries

they are variable though

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4
Q

how do right bronchial veins run?

A

variable but run retrograde wtih right brochial artery

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5
Q

where do right bronchial veins drain?

A

Azygos vein

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6
Q

What can cause venous admixture?

A

some bronchial veins may form cross anastomoses with pulmonary veins

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7
Q

Angle of right tracheal bifurcation?

A

25 degrees

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8
Q

angle of left tracheal bifurcation?

A

37 degrees

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9
Q

Airway sequence

A

trachea>R&L mainstem bronchi>lobar bronchi>segmental bronchi>subsegmental bronchi>bronchioles>alveoli

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10
Q

Where does airway loose cartilage?

A

at division of subsegmental bronchi and bronchioles

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11
Q

How many segmental bronchi?

A

Right 10 segmental bronchi
Left 8 segmental bronchi

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12
Q

What airway section do the c shaped cartilaginous rings stop?

A

segmental bronchi

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13
Q

Where do cartilaginous plates in airway start?

A

subsegmental bronchi

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14
Q

Features of bronchioles?

A

<1mm in diamater
no cartilage
smooth muscle tubes

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15
Q

Layers of alevolar-capillary interface

A

(From lungs outward)
surfactant
alveolar epithelium
alveolar basement membrane
Interstitial space
capillary basement membrane
capillary epithelium

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16
Q

Divisions of mediastinum?

A

Superior mediastinum
Inferior mediastinum
anterior compartment/mediastinum
middle compartment/mediastinum
posterior compartment/mediastinum

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17
Q

Superior mediastinum contents

A

Thymus gland (or remnant-adult)
brachiocephalic veins
sup. ven cava
Aortic arch and it’s branches
brachiocephalic trunk
left common caratid
subclavian arteries
Thoracic portion of trachea
upper thoracic portion of esophagus
termination of thoracic duct
Vagus nerve
Phrenic nerve
R & L recurrent laryngeal nerves

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18
Q

Where does thoracic duct terminate?

A

in superior mediastiinum between junction of left sublcavian and left internal jugular veins

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19
Q

Where does thoracic duct begin?

A

in the cisterna chyli
lies by the right diaphragmatic crus right below the diaphragm

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20
Q

How does thoracic duct pass from abdomen to the thorax?

A

through the aortic hiatus

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21
Q

Anterior compartment of inferior mediastinum contents?

A

Lower portion of the thymus
Internal thoracic vessels
Lymph nodes

22
Q

Middle compartment of inferior mediastinum contents?

A

Heart
coronary vessels
pericardium
roots of the great vessels coming off the heart
ascending aorta
pulmonary trunk
Sup. Inf. Vena Cava termination
Pulmonary Veins - termination
Formation of mainstem bronchi
Arch and termination of azygos vein
phrenic nerves - pericardial portion

23
Q

Where does azygos vein terminate?

A

SVC

24
Q

Where does left mainstem bronchus pass in relation to the aorta?

A

Underneath

25
Q

What structures pass underneath the arch of the azygos vein?

A

right mainstem bronchus
right pulmonary artery
2 (usually) right pulmonary veins

26
Q

Posterior compartment of inf mediastinum contents?

A

Thoracic (descending) aorta
Continuation of the Esophagus and Vagus nerves (esophageal plexus)
Thoracic duct
(right side) azygos vein
(left) hemiazygos/Acessory hemiazygos venous system
Orinination of greater, lesser, & least spanchnic nerves
Post. mediastinum lymph nodes

27
Q

What are the greater, lesser, and least spachnic nerves?

A

sympathetic preganglioncs to the abdominal viscera

28
Q

What does the Vagus nerve form in the post. compartment of inf mediastinum?

A

Esophageal plexus
anterior and posterior vagal trunks

29
Q

Which trunk does left vagus nerve form?

A

Anterior vagal trunk

30
Q

Which trunk does the right vagus nerve form?

A

posterior vagal trunk

31
Q

Are the two sympathetic chains in the post compartment of inferior mediastinum?

A

No! They are not in the mediastinum

32
Q

Which veins make up the alternative venous drainage vascular pathways?

A

Azygos vein (right)

hemiazygos/Accessory hemiazygos veins (left)

33
Q

What two structures does thoracic duct run with?

A

Azygos vein
esophagous

34
Q

Greater splanchnic nerve origination?
Function?

A

T5-T9
Upper 1/3 abdominal viscera

35
Q

Lesser splanchnic nerve origination?
Function?

A

T10-T11
middle 1/3 abdominal viscera

36
Q

Least splanchnic nerve origination?
function?

A

T12
lower 1/3 abdominal visera

37
Q

Where does greater splanchnic nerve project?

A

celiac ganglion & Adrenal medulla

38
Q

Where does lesser splanchnic nerve project?

A

superior mesenteric ganglion

39
Q

Where does least spanchnic nerve project?

A

inferior mesenteric ganglion

40
Q

Which structures are found in multiple subdivisions of mediastinum?

A

Thoracic duct
phrenic nerves
esophagus
Vagus N.
trachea
thymus gland
Aorta

41
Q

What structures are in both superior and posterior mediastinum compartments?

A

Thoracic duct
Esophagus
Vagus N.

42
Q

What structures are in both superior and middle mediastinum compartments?

A

Trachea
Phrenic nerves

43
Q

Which mediastinum compartments is the thymus located?

A

superior and anterior compartments

44
Q

In wich mediastial compartments is the Aorta located?

A

Ascending - middle compartment
Arch - superior compartment
descending - posterior compartment

45
Q

What does right recurrent laryngeal nerve recur around?

A

right subclavian artery

46
Q

What does left recurrent laryngeal nerve recur around?

A

Aortic arch

47
Q

Boundaries of the heart

A

Base: 2nd Costal cartilage
right margin: slightly beyond edge of right sternal border
Apex: midcalvicular line and 5th interspace
Lateral: lateral-mediastinal pleura
posterior: esophagus
superior: tracheal bifurcation
inferior: diaphragm

48
Q

What makes the lateral-mediastinal pleura?

A

blend of fibrous pericardium and parietal pleuraq

49
Q

Which heart chamber is most anterior?

A

Right ventricle

50
Q

Which heart chamber is most posterior?

A

left atrium

Brandon’s Anatomy Flash Cards (20 decks)

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