Chapter 8

Question 1

Which of the following is achieved when decisions that affect a group are made by the majority of its members after full, free, and open discussion?

-Freedom of conscience
-Rational agreement
-Organizational democracy
-Formal hierarchies of authority

Answer 1

Organizational democracy

Question 2

Which of the following is proprietary information that concerns a company’s activities, technologies, plans, policies, and other information that, if known to competitors, could affect the company’s ability to compete?

-Trade secrets
-Commerical extortion
-Conflict of interest
-Insider trading

Answer 2

Trade secrets

Question 3

Which of the following offers protection to employees who report the wrongdoings of an organization that violates the law?

-Freedom of conscience
-Whistleblowing
-Right to privacy
-Organizational democracy

Answer 3

Whistleblowing

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of commercial extortion?

-Something of value is offered to an employee if the employee deals favorably with the firm.
-Payment, preferential treatment, or goods are offered when an employee shows preference to an organization.
-An employee uses the resources of the employer for his or her own benefit without the consent of the employer.
-An employee demands a payment of money or goods from an organization in order to continue doing business together.

Answer 4

An employee demands a payment of money or goods from an organization in order to continue doing business together

Question 5

Which of the following concepts is based on the close interpersonal relationships that extend between an organization and those external individuals with whom the organization interacts?

-Connected selves
-The justice of results
-The impact of caring
-Sense of responsibility

Answer 5

Connected selves

Question 6

Which element of privacy limits the personal information an employer can pursue to information that is directly relevant to the issue at hand, such as performance on the job?

-Relevance
-Consent
-Methods
-Ordinary

Answer 6

Relevance

Question 7

Which of the following represents the three basic differences between the power of corporate managers and the power of government officials?

-Centralization, decision-making process, and legal authority
-Economic leverage, mobility, and decentralization
-Consent, limits, and mobility
-Monopoly power, legal authority, and consent

Answer 7

Consent, limits, and mobility

Question 8

Which of the following is derived from the right of all people to be treated as free and equal persons, and has acted as a method to balance the power between a corporation and its employees?

-The right to advance notice of plant closings and layoffs
-Free trade agreements
-The intrinsic value of work
-A worker’s right to organize into a union

Answer 8

A worker’s right to organize into a union

Question 9

Which of the following is a type of conflict of interest based on emotional ties and relationships?

-Actual
-Subjective
-Apparent
-Objective

Answer 9

Subjective

Question 10

Which of the following is considered to be the most fundamental elements of a rational organization?

-Top managers
-Organizational charts
-Formal hierarchies of authority
-Operations

Answer 10

Formal hierarchies of authority

Question 11

Which political tactic creates the appearance of being thoughtful, honest, and sensitive and can aid in making a decision maker well-liked and confident?

-Image building
-Ingratiation
-Controlling information
-Forming power coaltions

Answer 11

Image building

Question 12

Which of the following is an aspect of the caring model of the organization?

-Caring is focused on how to best improve profits and quality.
-Caring is done as a way to enhance quality and profits.
-Caring is directed at groups and is objective based on quality of output.
-Caring aims to enhance the growth of others by helping them develop their full capacities.

Answer 12

Caring aims to enhance the growth of others by helping them develop their full capacities

Question 13

Which of the following best describes why insider trading is said to be unethical?

-The theft of information gives the insider an unfair advantage in the organization and the markets.
-The theft of information can change the value of the stock so that it reflects the true value of the organization.
-Insider trading harms relationships between the organization and its customers.
-Insider trading increases society’s overall utility by increasing the size of the market.

Answer 13

The theft of information gives the insider an unfair advantage in the organization and the markets

Question 14

Which of the following exists when there is no conflict of interest, but other people who consider the employee’s situation believe that the employee has a conflict of interest?

-Actual
-Subjective
-Apparent
-Ethical

Answer 14

Apparent

Question 15

Which of the following supports the view that managers are authoritarian and controlling, and therefore less democratic?

-Theory Y
-Rensis Likert’s view
-Theory X
Raymond Mile’s view

Answer 15

Theory Y

Question 16

Often considered unethical, which political tactic contradicts utilitarian principles?

-Those that knowingly involve laminating inefficiency and waste
-Those that take advantage of emotional dependencies when promoting products
-Those that eliminate moral disrespect in the decision-making process
-Those that involve the pursuit of personal goals at the expense of the organization’s productive goals

Answer 16

Those that involve the pursuit of personal goals at the expense of the organization’s productive goals

Question 17

Who directly produces the goods and services that are the essential outputs of an organization?

-Agents
-Middle managers
-Consumers
-Operating layer employees

Answer 17

Operating layer employees

Question 18

Which of the following describes an organization model that focuses less on formal lines of authority and communication, and more on the lines of competing power coalitions and lines of influence and communication that stem from these coalitions?

-Rational
-Political
-Justice-based
-Goal-directed

Answer 18

Political

Question 19

Which of the following indicates an employee’s moral responsibility to obey the employer and the employer’s moral responsibility to provide wages and working conditions it agreed to provide?

-Contractual agreements
-Rational agreements
-Moral obligations
-Rational obligations

Answer 19

Contractual agreements

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the caring model of the organization?

-Caring is focused on quality and profitability.
-Caring should be viewed as a way to increase productivity.
-Caring is personal in natural.
-Caring will enhance the performance of those who receive the care.

Answer 20

Caring is personal in nature

Question 21

The value of work as a basic economic contribution and as a tool to develop potential is the _____ of work.

-instrumental value
-due process outcome
-intrinsic value
-doctrine of employment principles

Answer 21

intrinsic value

Question 22

The right of people to determine what, to whom, and how much information they disclose to others is called

-psychological privacy.
physical privacy.
-the technological dilemma of modern organizations.
-the right to privacy.

Answer 22

The right to privacy