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NCLEX > Acid-Base > Flashcards

Acid-Base Flashcards

1
Q

pH Levels

A

7.35-7.45

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2
Q

HCO3 (BiCarb) Levels

A

21-28
-(was 22-26)

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3
Q

What type of issue when Both PH and Bicarb (HCO3) are in the Same Direction

A

MetaBolic issue

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4
Q

What type of issue when pH and Bicarb (HCO3) are Not in the same direction

A

Respiratory issues

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5
Q

What is it when the PH is high

A

Alkalosis

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6
Q

What is it when PH is low

A

Acidosis

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7
Q

What are symptoms of high PH (Alkalosis)

A

Everything speeds up
Tachycardia, tachypnea, HTN, diarrhea, seizure, hyperreflexia (+3, +4), agitated

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8
Q

What are symptoms of low PH (Acidosis)

A

Everything slows down
Bradycardia, Bradypnea, HToN, Anorexia, Coma, Lethargy, Hyporeflexia (+1, 0)
-High K+

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9
Q

Symptoms of high K+

A

Acidosis state (low PH)–> Everything Slow Down
-Bradycardia, Bradypnea, HToN, Anorexia, Coma, Lethargy, Hyporeflexia (+1, 0)

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10
Q

Symptoms of Low K+

A

Alka-Low-sis (Alkalosis state) PH high
–> Everything Speeds Up
-SEIZURE, Tachycardia, tachypnea, HTN, diarrhea, hyperreflexia (+3, +4), agitated

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11
Q

Main nursing interventions for High PH Levels
-What state is it Alkalosis or Acidosis?
-What K+ level is it?

A

Seizure precautions–> Suction ready at beside
Alkalosis state & Low K+

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12
Q

Main nursing interventions for Low PH Levels
-What state is it Alkalosis or Acidosis?
-What K+ level is it in?

A

Ambu bag/intubation kit at bedside & Ventilation for Respiratory Rest (Lethargic/Braadycardic everything slowed down)
Acidosis State & High K+

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13
Q

K+ Levels

A

3.5-5

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14
Q

What is the State when pt. is being Over Ventilated?

A

Respiratory Alkalosis
-Alkalosis is High PH so Over Norm PH Level

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15
Q

What is the State when pt. is being Under Ventilated?

A

Respiratory Acidosis
-Acidosis is Low PH, so Under Norm PH Level

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16
Q

What is the State when pt. is prolong Vomiting or receiving prolonged Suctioning?

A

Metabolic Alkalosis
-Losing Acid due to vomit or suction causing more Base in the system

17
Q

What State is the pt. in when it is not due to Lungs, Vomiting, Or Suctioning

A

Metabolic Acidosis
-Pt. is becoming more Acidic
-MAKE AS DEFUALT ANSWER (when in doubt Metabolic Acidosis

18
Q

Kussmaul Respiration is a compensatory mechanism seen in what Acid-Base Imbalance?

A

Metabolic Acidosis
-MAC Kussmaul –> Metabolic ACidosis

19
Q

High Pressure Ventilation Alarm is triggered by?

A

High resistance to air flow–> OBSTRUCTION

20
Q

Low Pressure Ventilation Alarm is triggered by?

A

Low resistance to air flow–> DISCONNECTION

21
Q

If ventilation is to HIGH of setting pt. will be in what acid-base imbalance?

A

Respiratory Alkalosis
-Pt. is being OVER ventilated, so PH High=Alkalosis

22
Q

If ventilation is to LOW of setting pt. will be in what acid-base imbalance?

A

Respiratory Acidosis
-Pt. is being UNDER ventilated, so PH LOW=Acidosis

NCLEX (13 decks)

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