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CP Test 1 > B4-101 Into to RC Anatomy > Flashcards

B4-101 Into to RC Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

ribs 1-7 attach to the

A

sternum

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2
Q

ribs 8-10 attach to the

A

costal cartilages

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3
Q

ribs 11 and 12 attach to

A

nothing; floating ribs

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4
Q

how many costal cartilages are there?

A

12

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5
Q

parts of the sternum [3]

A

manubrium
body
xiphoid process

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6
Q

projects back in to the IV disc between T4 and T5

A

sternal angle (of louis)

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7
Q
A

sternal angle

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8
Q

vertical line through the middle of the clavicle anteriorly

A

midclavicular

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9
Q

vertical line through the lateral side from the axilla

A

midaxillary

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10
Q

vertical line through the inferior angle of the scapula posteriorly

A

infra-scapular

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11
Q

weakest part of a rib is anterior to

A

the angle

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12
Q

posteriorly articulates with its corresponding numbered vertebrae and the one above it

A

head of typical rib

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13
Q

contains the intercostal vein and artery

A

costal groove

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14
Q

contribute to thoracic outlet syndrome

A

cervical rib

loss of radial pulse/hand ischemia

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15
Q
A

pectus carinatum

pigeon breast

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16
Q
A

bilateral cervical ribs in patient with thoracic outlet syndrome

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17
Q
A

pectus excavatum

funnel chest

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18
Q

.

A

top: pectus carnitum
bottom: pectus excavatum

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19
Q

the heart should not go past the

A

midclavicular line

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20
Q

lies at marked angulation between the long axis of the body

A

heart

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21
Q

typical position of heart within mediastinum

A

one -third to the right of midline
two-thirds to the left of midline

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22
Q

the apex of the heart is located where?

A

5th intercostal space

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23
Q

base of the heart is the

A

left atrium

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24
Q

part of the heart located most posteriorly

A

left atrium

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25
Q

where is the right ventricle located?

A

anterior, sternocostal

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26
Q

the diaphragmatic surface of the heart includes

A

left ventricle and part of right ventricle

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27
Q

the right pulmonary surface of the heart includes

A

right atrium

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28
Q

left pulmonary surface of the heart includes

A

left ventricle

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29
Q

right borders on cardiac silhouette

A

SVC and right atrium

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30
Q

left borders on cardiace silhouette

A

aortic arch, pulmonary artery, left auricle, and left ventricle

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31
Q

inferior borders on cardiac silhouette

A

right ventricle and small portion of left ventricle

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32
Q

ratio of the diameter of heart to the diameter of a thoracic cavity

A

CTR

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33
Q

if CTR> 0.5,

A

heart is abnormally large

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34
Q

what X ray view should be used to assess for cardiomegaly?

A

PA

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35
Q

central compartment of thorax located between pleural cavities

A

mediastinum

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36
Q

contains all viscera except lungs

A

mediastinum

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37
Q

divisions of the mediastinum are created by the

A

sternal angle (of Louis)

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38
Q

the inferior middle section of the mediastinum contains

A

pericardium, heart, roots of great vessels

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39
Q

fibrous membrane that covers the heart and great vessels

A

pericardium

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40
Q

the fibrous layer of the pericardium is attached to

A

central tendon of the diaphragm

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41
Q

parietal pericarium is attached to which layer?

A

fibrous

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42
Q

visceral pericardium is attached to

A

heart

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43
Q

between parietal and visceral serous pericardium

A

pericardial cavity

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44
Q

nerve supply to pericardium

A

phrenic nerve

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45
Q

irritation of the pericardium can cause

A

referred pain to shoulder

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46
Q

symptoms of pericardial effusion on EKG

A

sinus tachycardia
low QRS voltage
electrical aternans

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47
Q

a large pericardial effusion on CXR would show

A

enlarged cardiac silhouette with clear lung fields

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48
Q
A

pericardial effusion

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49
Q

collection of blood, fluid, or air in pericardial sac

A

cardiac tamponade

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50
Q

symptoms of cardiac tamponade

A

anxiety
chest pain that worsens with deep breaths
dyspnea
discomfort
pale, gray, or blue skin
peripheral edema

51
Q

physical exam findings:
tachycardia
hypotension
elevated jugular venous pressure
pulsus paradoxus
pericardial rub
diminshed heart sounds

A

cardiac tamponade

52
Q
A

air in pericardial cavity

cardiac tamponade

53
Q

procedure done to relieve cardiac tamponade

A

pericardiocentesis

54
Q

pericardiocentesis is possible due to

A

cardiac notch of lung

55
Q

separates outflow tract from venous return

A

transverse pericardial sinus

56
Q

posterior to base of heart
pericardial reflection along pulmonary veins and IVC

A

oblique pericardial sinus

57
Q
A

oblique pericardial sinus

58
Q
A

transverse pericardial sinus

59
Q

most posterior chamber of heart and close proximity to esophagus

A

left atrium

d/t this, TEE and barium swallow studies can be done

60
Q

deoxygenated blood returns to the [structure] via the SVC and IVC

A

right atrium

61
Q

from the right atrium blood travels through [structure] into [structure]

A

tricuspid valve; right ventricle

62
Q

from right ventricle, blood travels through [structure] into [structure]

A

pulmonary valves; pulmonary trunk

63
Q

oxygenated blood returns to the [structure] via [structure]

A

left atrium; pulmonary veins

64
Q

from the left atrium, blood travels through [structure] into [structure]

A

mitral valve; left ventricle

65
Q

from the left ventricle blood flows through [structure] into [structure]

A

aortic valves; aorta

66
Q

ventricular elongation and filling

A

diastole

67
Q

blood enters the coronary veins during

A

diastole

68
Q

“dub” closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves

A

diastole

69
Q

ventricular shortening and emptying

A

systole

70
Q

“lub” closure of mitral and tricuspid valves

A

systole

71
Q
A

right atrium

72
Q
A

right ventricle

73
Q
A

left ventricle

74
Q

openings of SVC and IVC are found in the

A

right atrium

75
Q

crista terminalis is found in the

A

right atrium

76
Q

pectinate muscles are found in the

A

right atrium

and auricle of left atrium (?) i think

77
Q

the fossa ovalis and limbus are found in the

A

right atrium

78
Q

the opening of the coronary sinus is found in the

A

right atrium

79
Q

the auricles are found in the

A

left/right atrium

80
Q

the four pulmonary veins are found in the

A

left atrium

81
Q

the tricuspid valve is found in the

A

right ventricle

82
Q

chordae tendinae are found in the

A

left/right ventricle

83
Q

papillary muscles are found in the

A

left/right ventricle

84
Q

the moderator band is found in the

A

right ventricle

85
Q

the trabeculae carnae is found in the

A

left/right ventricle

86
Q

the pulmonary valve and trunk are found in the

A

right ventricle

87
Q

the mitral valve is found in the

A

left ventricle

88
Q

aortic valves are found in the

A

left ventricle

89
Q

muscular and membranous parts of the IV septum are found in the

A

left ventricle

90
Q
A
  1. SVC entering RA
  2. R superior pulmonary veins
  3. LA
  4. descending aorta
  5. left inferior pulmonary vein
91
Q
A
  1. RV
  2. RA
  3. IVC
  4. azygous vein
  5. descending aorta
  6. LV
92
Q

the heart narrows and shortens starting at the [blank] and wringing toward the [2 structures]

A

apex; aorta & pulmonary trunk

93
Q

lies in atrioventricular sulcus

A

circumflex branch of left coronary

94
Q

lies in anterior interventricular sulcus

A

LAD

95
Q

branch of LAD or LC coursing toward left margin of heart

A

left diagonal

96
Q

one or more vessels along the left obtuse margin

A

left marginal branches

97
Q

supplies the SA node, anterior portion of right ventricle, anterior 2/3 of IV septum, left ventricle, and left atrium

A

left coronary artery

98
Q

small branch that comes off just beyond the origin of the right coronary

supplies RA and SA node

A

SA nodal branch of RCA

99
Q

parallel to diaphragmatic border

A

marginal branch of RCA

100
Q

lies in the posterior interventricular sulcus

A

posterior descending branch of RCA

101
Q

given off in vicinity of the origin of the posterior IV branch

A

AV nodal branch of RCA

102
Q

supples the SA node, RA, RV, posterior portion of left ventricle, posterior 1/3 of septum

A

RCA

103
Q

.

A
  1. LCA
  2. circumflex
  3. posterior interventricular
  4. left marginal
  5. anterior interventricular LAD
104
Q
A
  1. catheter
  2. SA nodal a.
  3. RCA
  4. posterior interventricular
105
Q

the artery that gives rise to the posterior interventricular a. is considered

A

dominant

106
Q

the dominant artery crosses the “crux” of the heart and gives rise to

A

AV nodal artery

107
Q

dominance influences

A

damaged region following MI

108
Q

travels with the anterior interventricular artery in the IV groove and then travels with the circumflex in the AV groove

vein

A

great cardiac vein

109
Q

travels with the posterior interventricular artery

vein

A

middle cardiac v.

110
Q

travels with the right marginal artery

vein

A

small cardiac vein

111
Q

lies in the posterior part of the atrioventricular sulcus

A

coronary sinus

112
Q

great, middles, and small cardiac veins are tributaries of

A

coronary sinus

113
Q

cross over the RCA to drain directly into RA

A

anterior cardiac veins

114
Q

a radiopaque catheter is inserted into a peripheral vein or artery and directed to heart

A

cardiac catheterization

115
Q

pacemaker of heart

A

SA node

116
Q

intiates and regulates impulse for contraction

A

SA node

117
Q

located near junction of SVC and crista terminalis

A

SA node

118
Q

distributes signal to ventricle via AV bundle

A

AV node

119
Q

located near opening of coronary sinus and interatrial septum

A

AV node

120
Q

located in membranous part of the interventricular system

A

bundle of HIS

121
Q

located in the anterior part of the muscular part of the interventricular septum

A

right and left bundle branches

122
Q

located in walls of the ventricle

A

purkinje fibers

123
Q

fibers from the right bundle branch that go to the anterior papillary muscle in the RV

A

septomarginal trabecula

CP Test 1 (16 decks)

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