acute tonsillitis Flashcards
what is acute tonsillitis ?
acute inflammation of the palatine tonsils
what are the predisposing factors of acute tonsillitis ?
recurrent UTI
lowered resistance
overcrowded areas and bad hygiene
what age group is associated with acute tonsillitis ?
any age group but mainly children
what is the causative organism associated with acute tonsillitis ?
usually initially a viral infection followed by a bacterial secondary infection
bacteria - beta hemolytic strep
what are thee pathological stages associated with acute tonsillitis ?
acute catarrhal tonsillitis
acute follicular tonsillitis
acute parenchymatous tonsillitis
what is the clinical picture of acutee tonsillitis ?
high fever
malaise headache
sore throat
odynophagia - pain on swallowing
hot potato voice ( huge tonsils )
foetor oris
what are the local signs associated with acute tonsillittis ?
bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy
tonsils are swollen, congested or oedematous
what are the complications associated with acute tonsillitis ?
peritonsillar abscess (quinsy)
parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal abscess
what are the general complications associated with acute tonsillitis ?
post strep glomerulonephritis
rheumatic fever
what is the presentation of quinsy ?
peritonsillar abscess:
unilateeral throbbing pain
hot potato voice
trismus
torticollis
oedema and congeestion of the soft palate
on examination of a patient with quinsy , what is seen ?
tonsils are displaced downwards and meddially
the uvula is pushed to the opposite sidee
what is the management for a case of acute tonsillitis ?
management is medical - bed rest plenty of fluids , antibiotics and analgesics
tonsillectomy only if indications are met
what is the presentation of a retropharyngeal and pharyngeeal abscess ?
a non resolving sore throat
systemically unwell
neck stiffness and neck tenderness
what is the medical and general management of acute tonsillitis ?
complete bed rest
plenty of fluids
systemic antibiotics
analgesics and antipyretics
antiseptic mouthwash
what is the surgical management of acute tonsillitis ?
after resolution of acute tonsillitis
the indications:
recurrent episodes of :
7 or more in the preceding year
or
5 or more episodes in each of the preceding 2 years
or
3 or more episodes in each of the preceding 3 years
