Cellular Energetics- easier Flashcards
What is cellular respiration?
-The breakdown of (oxidation) of sugars and other metabolites into CO2 and water
What are the 4 phases of cellular respiration?
-Glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation
What are the main facts about glycolysis ?
-Breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate
-occurs in cytoplasm
-Doesnt use oxygen
What are the main facts about the Krebs cycle?
-Oxidises acetyl group of acetyl CoA in CO2 with CoA release
-Occurs in matrix of mitochondria
-Requires oxygen
What are the main facts about oxidative phosphorylation?
-Consists of electron transport chain and chemiomosis
-Occurs in matrix and inner membrane of mitochondria
-Requires oxygen
What happens in glycolysis?
-glucose is broken down through energy investment and payoff into 2 pyruvate molecules
What does energy investment mean in glycolysis?
-2 ATP molecules required for reactopm to occur
What does energy payoff mean in glycolysis?
-4 ATP and 2 NADH produced from reaction
What is the net result of glycolysis ?
-2 ATP, 2 NADH and 2 Pyruvate
What will happen to pyruvate when no oxygen is present?
-Fermentation will occur
What happens to lactic fermentation ?
-Pyruvate is reduced to lactic acid in muscle cells which can build up to cause cramps
What is the reverse to glycolysis?
-Gluconegenesis
How is pyruvate oxidised to acetyl CoA?
-Converted to 2 carbon acetyl groups by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in matrix
What reaction can produce the acetyl CoA for the Krebs cycle?
-Amino acid metabolism, beta oxidation, pyruvate oxidation
What are the two stages of oxidative phosphorylation?
-Electron transport chain
-Chemiosmosis
