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PID > PID BLOCK 1 > Flashcards

PID BLOCK 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define epidemiology

A

The study and analysis of diseases

Distribution (who when where)
Determinants

Discover
Determine
Identify
Evaluate

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2
Q

Prevention vs Control

A

Prevention keeps a population free of disease, control reduces disease or new cases

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3
Q

Diagnostic process of Epidemiology

A
  1. Anamnesis (history)
  2. Clinical signs
  3. Hypothesis
  4. Treatment and prevention
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4
Q

Analytical vs Descriptive study design

A

Analytical collects and compares info, Descriptive collects info and records it

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5
Q

Cross sectional

A

collects data from ONE single point in time

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6
Q

Cohort

A

Data collected over several different points

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7
Q

Prospective vs Retrospective

A

Prospective collects info going forward, retrospective collects info from the past

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8
Q

Surveillance

A

Ongoing data collection

  1. Collection
  2. Analysis
  3. Interpretation
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9
Q

Compartmental model based on infectiousness

A

Latent period and infectious period

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10
Q

Compartmental model based on clinical signs?

A

Incubation period and symptomatic period

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11
Q

Define epidemic / epizootic

A

Excessive occurance in a particular region

Ex: Lyme is more common up north than in the south

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12
Q

Define pandemic/ panzootic

A

Worldwide spread

Ex: swine flu, covid

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13
Q

Endemic/ enzootic

A

Disease that is regularly present in a particular region

Ex: diarrhea- cant get rid of it, always going to be around

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14
Q

Causation of Epidemiology

A
  1. Strength of association
  2. Consistency of findings
  3. Temporal sequence
  4. Biological plausibility
  5. Experiment (proves hypothesis)
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15
Q

Strength of association is epidemiology…

A

higher association between risk factor and outcome

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16
Q

Consistency of findings…

A

observing the same thing in other populations

17
Q

Temporal sequence

A

Exposure proceeds outcome

18
Q

Biological plausibility

A

biological mechanism,

Ex: is smoking harmful? what is in it that causes harm?

19
Q

Five stages of infectious disease

A
  1. Incubation
  2. Prodomal
  3. Illness
  4. Decline
  5. Convalescence
20
Q

Incubation period

A

Pathogen multiples without clinical signs

21
Q

Prodomal

A

General unspecific signs

Ex: cough, runny nose- you dont know whats causing it

22
Q

Illness

A

specific signs and symptoms, comes after prodomal in the 5 stages of infectious disease

23
Q

Decline

A

When the pathogen # declines and you start to recover

4th step in the stages of infectious disease

24
Q

Convalescence

A

Return to normalcy. The last step to the 5 stages of infectious disease.

Ex: Even after recovering from COVID people still lost taste/smell.

Normalcy is relative

PID (13 decks)

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