Rivers Flashcards
Describe how the cross profile of the river valley changes downstream. (2)
The valley widens.
Valley slopes decrease in angle.
Suggest one reason for the difference in river velocity between point X (inner river bank)
and point Y (outer river bank). (1)
On the inside of the bend the river flow is slower, as there is more friction.
Explain how river meanders may change over time. (4)
Water flows __________ on the outer bend so the channel is _________ and there is ___________. Lateral erosion __________ the river bank and forms _______________________.
On the inside of the bend, water flows __________ so material is _____________. This is because there is ____________.
Over time, erosion and deposition makes meanders change shape, move across the ____________ and ____________________.
fastest
deeper
less friction
undercuts
steep sided river cliffs
slower
deposited
more friction
floodplain
migrate downstream
How does an oxbow lake form?
The _______ of the ____________ is gradually eroded until it is ________________________ to create a ___________________ (during a flood).
The old meander is ________ by ______________ to form an oxbow lake.
neck
meander
completely cut through
straighter channel
cut off
deposition
Pools are found on the _____________ of the meander bend because the ________________ forms a _________________.
outside
faster flow
deeper channel
Riffles are areas of ________________ created by ________________ of ____________________.
shallow water
deposition
coarse sediment
Why are interlocking spurs formed?
The water is not ___________________ to _____________________, so water ________ around them.
powerful enough
cut through spurs of land
flows
