Prepositions Flashcards

1
Q

Reverse

al lado de

A

next to; beside

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2
Q

Reverse

a la derecha de

A

to the right of

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3
Q

Reverse

a la izquierda de

A

to the left of

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4
Q

Reverse

en

A

in; on; at; about

(in, on, at) to indicate position

  • Está en mi mochila. (It is **in **my backpack.)
  • Pon el cuadro en la pared. (Put the painting on the wall.)
  • Ellos están en la iglesia. (They are at church.)

(in) when referring to months, years and seasons, or how long somthing took.

  • Fui a Perú en el verano. (I went to Peru in the summer.)
  • Lo hice en dos dias. (I did it in two days)

(by) with most methods of transport

  • Vamos a Italia en tren. (We go to Italia by train.)

idioms (see compound prepositions below)

  • En broma (As a joke)
  • En serio (Seriously)
  • En vivo (Live)
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5
Q

Reverse

cerca de

A

near

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6
Q

Reverse

con

A

with

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7
Q

Reverse

debajo de

A

below

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8
Q

Reverse

delante de

A

in front of

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9
Q

Reverse

detrás de

A

behind

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10
Q

Reverse

encima de

A

on top of

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11
Q

Reverse

entre

A

between, among

  • entre 8 y 10 (between 8 and 10)
  • Hablaban entre sí. (They were talking amongst themselves.
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12
Q

Reverse

lejos de

A

far from

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13
Q

Reverse

sin

A

without

  • Voy sin él. I am going without him.

sin is used before infinitives where in English we would use the -ing.

  • Se fue sin decir nada. He left without saying anything.
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14
Q

Reverse

sobre

A

on/over; about; around

on/over (location)

  • Se cayó sobre la silla. He fell over the chair.

about (concerning)

  • Es un programa sobre el presidente. It’s a program about the president.

about (approximation for time)

  • Sobre las seis de la tarde volvimos al hotel. (We are arriving at the hotel at about 6 in the evening.)

over (superiority, influence, control)

  • El uso del bus triunfa sobre el coche

motion around a center of rotation

  • El planeta gira sobre su eje una vez cada 58,7 días. (The planet rotates around its axis once each 58.7 days.)
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15
Q

Reverse

dentro de

A

inside

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16
Q

Reverse

afuera

A

outside

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17
Q

Reverse

hasta

A

up/down to, until; toward

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18
Q

Reverse

excepto

A

except

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19
Q

al/en frente de

A

to the/in front of

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20
Q

desde

A

from, since

  • No comí desde ayer. (I haven’t eaten since yesterday.)
  • Tiró el béisbol desde el carro. (He threw the baseball from the car.)
  • Llamaron desde España. (They phoned from Spain).
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21
Q

acerca

A

about, concerning

  • Acerca de lo que hemos hablado. (In regard to what we have said.)
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22
Q

según

A

according to , as

  • Según mi madre va a nevar. According to my mother it is going to snow.
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23
Q

hacia

A

toward (dirección)

  • hacia aquí/allí - this/that way

around, about (tiempo)

  • hacia las diez

toward (sentimiento)

  • siente hostilidad hacia las reformas

(tendencia)

  • un paso más hacia la guerra civil
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24
Q

contra

A

against

  • Estoy contra la huelga. (I am against the strike)
  • Estaba apoyado contra la pared. (He was leaning against the wall)
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25
Q

a

A

to; at; by

to - with places and destinations

  • Fuimos a España.
  • Iremos al museo el martes.

to - with indirect objects

  • Se lo dio a Maria. He gave it to Maria

to - after ir

  • Voy a verlo mañana.

at - with times

  • a los cinco, a medianoche

at - with prices and rates

  • a dos euros el kilo (at) two euros a kilo
  • a 100km por hora, at 100 km per hour

at - with ages

  • a los 18 años. At the age of 18.

​at - with places

  • Te voy a buscar a la estación.

**​onto - **

  • Se cayó al suelo. He fell onto the floor.

**into - **

  • Pegar una foto al álbum. To stick a foto into the album.

connect one verb to an infinitive (not translated directly)

  • Vamos a bailar.
  • Empecé a leer.

indicate manner, how something is done (on, by, with)

  • Vamos a pie. (We went on foot.)
  • Lo hice a mano. (I did it by hand.)
  • Escribe a lápiz. (He writes with a pencil.)

introduce a person as a direct object - “Personal a” (not translated directly)

  • ¿Conoces a Isabela? (Do you know Isabela?)
  • Veo a mi madre. (I see my mother.

express time (at, is)

  • Cenamos a las seis. (We eat dinner at six o’clock.)
  • Estamos a martes. (It **is **Tuesday.)
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26
Q

antes de

A

before, in the presence of

  • Leo antes de dormirme.
  • used before infinitives in Spanish
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27
Q

de

A

of, from

indicate possession (of)

  • Atlanta es la capital de Georgia.
  • El café de Manuel (Manuel’s cafe)

indicate cause (from, with)

  • Estoy cansada de correr. (I am tired from running)
  • Estamos contentos de nuestro hijo. (We are happy with our son.)

indicate origin (from, of)

  • Ella es de Uruguay.
  • Sonia es la más inteligente de la familia. **(of **the family.)

describe a noun with another noun or infinitive (of)

  • Un vaso de vino (A glass of wine)
  • El jugo de naranja

compare (than)

  • Juan es el más grande de todos los estudiantes del quinto grado. (Juan is the biggest of all 5th grade students.)

and also in idioms

  • De ahora en adelante (From now on);
  • De pie (Standing)
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28
Q

con

A

with

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29
Q

por

A

1. Motion or a general location (around, through, along, by)

  • La excursión nos llevó por el centro. The tour took us through downtown.
  • Pasamos por el parque y por el rio. We passed by the park and along the river.

2. Duration of an action (for, during, in)

  • Estuve in la Patagonia por un mes.
  • Ana navegó la net por la tarde. Ana surfed the net in the afternoon.

3. Reason or Motive for an action. (because of, on account of, on behalf of)

  • Lo hizo por su familia.
  • Papá llegó a casa tarder por el tráfico. (because of the traffic)

4. Object of a search (for, in search/behalf of)

  • Vengo por ti a las ocho
  • Javier fue por su cámara digital. (Javier went in search his camera.

5. Means by which something is done. (by, by way of, by means of)

  • Elllos viajan por la calle. (by way of)
  • ¿Hablaste con la polica por teléfono.

6. Exchange or substitution. (for, in exchange for)

  • Le di dinero por la DVD. (in exchange for)
  • Muchas gracias por la radio.

7. Unit of measure (per, by, proportion)

  • José manejaba a 120KM por hora.

8. Express gratitude or apology

  • Gracias por la ayuda.​

9. Multiplication and division

  • Dos por dos son cuatro.

10. Cases of mistaken identity. (“to be seen as”)

  • Me tienen por loco. ** **(They take me for crazy

12. To express an action that remains to be completed, use por + infinitive

  • La cena está por cocinar. Dinner has yet to be cooked.

13. “estar por” - means to be in the mood, or inclined to do something.

  • Estoy por tomar café. (I’m in the mood for drinking coffee.

14. Por is used to talk about time

  • por la mañana, por la tarde

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30
Q

tras

A

after, behind

  • Caminaban uno tras otro. They walked one after (behind) the other.
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31
Q

para

A

1. Destination (toward, or in the direction of)

  • El regalo es para usted. The gift is for you.
  • Salen para Cádez.

2. Deadline of a specific time in the future. (by, for)

  • Él va a arreglar el carro para el viernes.

3. Purpose + [noun] (for, used for)

  • Es una lanta (tire) para el carro.

4. Purpose or goal + [infinitive] (in order to)

  • Jaun estudia para (ser) mecánico.

5. The recipient of something (for)

  • Compré una impresora para mi hijo.

6. Comparison with others or an opinion. (for, considering)

  • Para un joven, es demasiado serio.
  • Para mi, esta lección no es defícil.

7. In the employ of. (for)

  • Sara trabaja para Telecom Argentina.

8. In order to. (when used with an infinitive)

  • Trabajo para ser rico. I work in (order) to be rich.
  • Lo hice para ayudarte. I did it (in order) to help you.
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32
Q

durante

A

during

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33
Q

fuera de

A

outside of

34
Q

a cause de

A

because of

35
Q

por encima de

A

above, over

Saltó por encima de la mesa.

36
Q

en medio de

A

in the middle of

37
Q

junto a

A

by

  • Está junto al cine.
38
Q

Junto con

A

together with

  • fue detenido junta con su hijo. He was arrested together with his son.
39
Q

después de

A

after

  • Después de ver la televisión, me fui a la cama. (After watching television I went to bed)

después de is used before infinitives in Spanish where in English you would use -ing.

40
Q

Reverse

next to; beside

A

al lado de

41
Q

Reverse

to the right of

A

a la derecha de

42
Q

Reverse

to the left of

A

a la izquierda de

43
Q

Reverse

in; on; at; about

(in, on, at) to indicate position

  • Está en mi mochila. (It is **in **my backpack.)
  • Pon el cuadro en la pared. (Put the painting on the wall.)
  • Ellos están en la iglesia. (They are at church.)

(in) when referring to months, years and seasons, or how long somthing took.

  • Fui a Perú en el verano. (I went to Peru in the summer.)
  • Lo hice en dos dias. (I did it in two days)

(by) with most methods of transport

  • Vamos a Italia en tren. (We go to Italia by train.)

idioms (see compound prepositions below)

  • En broma (As a joke)
  • En serio (Seriously)
  • En vivo (Live)
A

en

44
Q

Reverse

near

A

cerca de

45
Q

Reverse

with

A

con

46
Q

Reverse

below

A

debajo de

47
Q

Reverse

in front of

A

delante de

48
Q

Reverse

behind

A

detrás de

49
Q

Reverse

on top of

A

encima de

50
Q

Reverse

between, among

  • entre 8 y 10 (between 8 and 10)
  • Hablaban entre sí. (They were talking amongst themselves.
A

entre

51
Q

Reverse

far from

A

lejos de

52
Q

Reverse

without

  • Voy sin él. I am going without him.

sin is used before infinitives where in English we would use the -ing.

  • Se fue sin decir nada. He left without saying anything.
A

sin

53
Q

Reverse

on/over; about; over; around

on/over (location)

  • Se cayó sobre la silla. He fell over the chair.

about (concerning)

  • Es un programa sobre el presidente. It’s a program about the president.

about (approximation for time)

  • Sobre las seis de la tarde volvimos al hotel. (We are arriving at the hotel at about 6 in the evening.)

over (superiority, influence, control)

  • El uso del bus triunfa sobre el coche

motion around a center of rotation

  • El planeta gira sobre su eje una vez cada 58,7 días. (The planet rotates around its axis once each 58.7 days.)
A

sobre

54
Q

Reverse

inside

A

dentro de

55
Q

Reverse

outside

A

afuera

56
Q

Reverse

up/down to, until; toward

A

hasta

57
Q

Reverse

except

A

excepto

58
Q

Reverse

to the/in front of

A

al/en frente de

59
Q

Reverse

from, since

  • No comí desde ayer. (I haven’t eaten since yesterday.)
  • Tiró el béisbol desde el carro. (He threw the baseball from the car.)
  • Llamaron desde España. (They phoned from Spain).
A

desde

60
Q

Reverse

about, concerning

A

acerca

61
Q

Reverse

according to , as

  • Según mi madre va a nevar. According to my mother it is going to snow.
A

según

62
Q

Reverse

toward (dirección)

  • hacia aquí/allí - this/that way

around, about (tiempo)

  • hacia las diez

toward (sentimiento)

  • siente hostilidad hacia las reformas

(tendencia)

  • un paso más hacia la guerra civil
A

hacia

63
Q

Reverse

against

  • Estoy contra la huelga. (I am against the strike)
  • Estaba apoyado contra la pared. (He was leaning against the wall)
A

contra

64
Q

Reverse

to; at; by

to - with places and destinations

  • Fuimos a España.
  • Iremos al museo el martes.

to - with indirect objects

  • Se lo dio a Maria. He gave it to Maria

to - after ir

  • Voy a verlo mañana.

at - with times

  • a los cinco, a medianoche

at - with prices and rates

  • a dos euros el kilo (at) two euros a kilo
  • a 100km por hora, at 100 km per hour

at - with ages

  • a los 18 años. At the age of 18.

​at - with places

  • Te voy a buscar a la estación.

**​onto - **

  • Se cayó al suelo. He fell onto the floor.

**into - **

  • Pegar una foto al álbum. To stick a foto into the album.

connect one verb to an infinitive (not translated directly)

  • Vamos a bailar.
  • Empecé a leer.

indicate manner, how something is done (on, by, with)

  • Vamos a pie. (We went on foot.)
  • Lo hice a mano. (I did it by hand.)
  • Escribe a lápiz. (He writes with a pencil.)

introduce a person as a direct object - “Personal a” (not translated directly)

  • ¿Conoces a Isabela? (Do you know Isabela?)
  • Veo a mi madre. (I see my mother.

express time (at, is)

  • Cenamos a las seis. (We eat dinner at six o’clock.)
  • Estamos a martes. (It **is **Tuesday.)
A

a

65
Q

Reverse

before, in the presence of

  • Leo antes de dormirme.
  • used before infinitives in Spanish
A

antes de

66
Q

Reverse

of, from

indicate possession (of)

  • Atlanta es la capital de Georgia.
  • El café de Manuel (Manuel’s cafe)

indicate cause (from, with)

  • Estoy cansada de correr. (I am tired from running)
  • Estamos contentos de nuestro hijo. (We are happy with our son.)

indicate origin (from, of)

  • Ella es de Uruguay.
  • Sonia es la más inteligente de la familia. **(of **the family.)

describe a noun with another noun or infinitive (of)

  • Un vaso de vino (A glass of wine)
  • El jugo de naranja

compare (than)

  • Juan es el más grande de todos los estudiantes del quinto grado. (Juan is the biggest of all 5th grade students.)

and also in idioms

  • De ahora en adelante (From now on);
  • De pie (Standing)
A

de

67
Q

Reverse

with

A

con

68
Q

Reverse

1. Motion or a general location (around, through, along, by)

  • La excursión nos llevó por el centro. The tour took us through downtown.
  • Pasamos por el parque y por el rio. We passed by the park and along the river.

2. Duration of an action (for, during, in)

  • Estuve in la Patagonia por un mes.

Ana navegó la net por la tarde. Ana surfed the net in the afternoon.

3. Reason or Motive for an action. (because of, on account of, on behalf of)

  • Lo hizo por su familia.

Papá llegó a casa tarder por el tráfico. (because of the traffic)

4. Object of a search (for, in search/behalf of)

  • Vengo por ti a las ocho

Javier fue por su cámara digital. (Javier went in search his camera.

5. Means by which something is done. (by, by way of, by means of)

  • Elllos viajan por la calle. (by way of)

¿Hablaste con la polica por teléfono.

6. Exchange or substitution. (for, in exchange for)

  • Le di dinero por la DVD. (in exchange for)

Muchas gracias por la radio.

7. Unit of measure (per, by, proportion)

  • José manejaba a 120KM por hora.

8. Express gratitude or apology

  • Gracias por la ayuda.​

9. Multiplication and division

  • Dos por dos son cuatro.

10. Cases of mistaken identity. (“to be seen as”)

  • Me tienen por loco. (They take me for crazy

11. By means of transport, talking about freight

  • por barco, por tren, por avion

12. To express an action that remains to be completed, use por + infinitive

  • La cena está por cocinar. Dinner has yet to be cooked.

13. “estar por” - means to be in the mood, or inclined to do something.

  • Estoy por tomar café. (I’m in the mood for drinking coffee.

14. Por is used to talk about time

  • por la mañana, por la tarde

​15. Por is used to talk about rates

  • 90km por hora, un cinco por ciento (5%)

16. Por is used to talk about how something is done​.

  • llamar por télefono

Lo oí por la radio.

A

por

69
Q

Reverse

after, behind

  • Caminaban uno tras otro. They walked one after (behind) the other.
A

tras

70
Q

Reverse

1. Destination (toward, or in the direction of)

  • El regalo es para usted. The gift is for you.

Salen para Cádez.

2. Deadline of a specific time in the future. (by, for)

  • Él va a arreglar el carro para el viernes.

3. Purpose + [noun] (for, used for)

  • Es una lanta (tire) para el carro.

4. Purpose or goal + [infinitive] (in order to)

  • Jaun estudia para (ser) mecánico.

5. The recipient of something (for)

  • Compré una impresora para mi hijo.

6. Comparison with others or an opinion. (for, considering)

  • Para un joven, es demasiado serio.

Para mi, esta lección no es defícil.

7. In the employ of. (for)

  • Sara trabaja para Telecom Argentina.

8. In order to. (when used with an infinitive)

  • Trabajo para ser rico. I work in (order) to be rich.

Lo hice para ayudarte. I did it (in order) to help you.

A

para

71
Q

Reverse

during

A

durante

72
Q

Reverse

outside of

A

fuera de

73
Q

Reverse

because of

A

a cause de

74
Q

Reverse

above, over

Saltó por encima de la mesa.

A

por encima de

75
Q

Reverse

in the middle of

A

en medio de

76
Q

Reverse

by

  • Está junto al cine.
A

junto a

77
Q

Reverse

together with

  • fue detenido junta con su hijo. He was arrested together with his son.
A

Junto con

78
Q

Reverse

after

  • Después de ver la televisión, me fui a la cama. (After watching television I went to bed)

después de is used before infinitives in Spanish where in English you would use -ing.

A

después de

79
Q

desde hace

A

since, for

80
Q

reverse

since, for

A

desde hace