Pretérito Indefinido - (Pretérito Perfecto Simple) Simple Past Flashcards

1
Q

Regular -ar verbs

A

-é -amos -aste -asteis -o -aron

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2
Q

Regular -er and -ir verbs

A

-ó -imos -iste -isteis -ió -ieron

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3
Q

Preterite “markers”

A

Words or phrases that indicate a specific time frame

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4
Q

esta mañana

A

this morning

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5
Q

esta tarde

A

this afternoon

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6
Q

ayer

A

yesterday

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7
Q

ayer por la mañana

A

yesterday morning

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8
Q

ayer por la tarde

A

yesterday afternoon

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9
Q

anoche

A

last night

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10
Q

el sábado pasado

A

last Saturday

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11
Q

la semana pasada

A

last week

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12
Q

el mes pasado

A

last month

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13
Q

el año pasado

A

last year

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14
Q

hace dos días

A

two days ago

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15
Q

hace un mes

A

a month ago

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16
Q

Three Orthographic (spelling) changes that affect verbs in the Yo form of the preterite

A
  • -car (buscar): c changes to qué i.e. busqué
  • -gar (llegar): g changes to gué i.e. llegué
  • -zar (empezar): swap c for z i.e. empecé
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17
Q

verbs with irregular stems -uv no accent marks

  • estar,
  • tener,
  • andar
A

Have -uv in the irregular preterite stem

  • andar (to walk) - anduve, anduviste…
  • estar (to be) - estuve, estuviste…
  • tener (to have) - tuve, tuviste…
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18
Q

verbs with irregular stems - u no accent marks

  • Caber,
  • Haber,
  • Poder,
  • Poner,
  • Saber
A
  • caber (to fit) - cupe, cupiste…
  • haber (to have) - hube, hubiste
  • poder (to be able to) - pude, pudiste
  • poner (to put, place) - puse, pusiste
  • saber (to know, to find out) - supe, supiste
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19
Q

verbs with irregular stems - i no accent marks

Hacer,

Querer,

Venir

A
  • hacer (to make, do) - hice, hiciste, hizo
  • querer (to want) - quise, quisiste, quiso
  • venir (to come) - vine, viniste, vino
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20
Q

Decir and Traer

A
  • decir (to tell) - dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, dijisteis, dijeron (no i in 3rd person plural)
  • traer (to bring) - traje, trajiste…
  • atraer (to attract) - atraje, atrajiste…
  • retraer (to bring back, dissuade) - retraje
  • sustraer (to remove, take away) - sustraje…
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21
Q

Dar and Ver

A
  • Dar (to give) - di, diste, dio, dieron, dimos, disteis, dieron
  • Ver (to see) - vi, viste, vio, vimos, visteis, vieron
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22
Q

Stem changing -ir verbs (o>ue in the present tense)

A

The change (o>u) is only in the 3rd-person forms

  • dormir (to sleep) - dormí, dormiste, durmió, dormimos, dormisteis, durmieron
  • morir (to die) ..murió..murieron
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23
Q

Stem changing -ir verbs (e>ie in the present tense)

A

The change (e>i) is only in the 3rd-person forms

  • advertir (to advise, warn) - advertí, advertiste, advirtió, advertimos, advertisteis, advirtieron
  • mentir (to lie) - ..mintió..mintieron
  • preferir (to prefer) - ..prefirió..prefirieron
  • sentir(se) (to feel) - ..sintó..sintieron
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24
Q

Stem changing -ir verbs (e>i in the present tense)

A

The change (e>i) is only in the 3rd-person forms

  • pedir (to request) - pedí, pediste, pidió, pedimos, pedisteis, pidieron
  • medir (to measure, be long) - ..midió..midieron
  • pedir (to request, ask for) - ..pidió..pidieron
  • repetir (to repeat) - ..repitió..repitieron
  • seguir (to follow, continue) - seguí, seguiste, siguió, seguimos, segisteis, siguieron
  • servir (to serve) - ..sirvió..sirvieron
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25
Q

-er and -ir verbs with a vowel immediately preceding the infinitive ending i>y

A

The change (i>y) is only in the 3rd-person forms

  • creer (to believe) - creí, creíste, creyó, creímos, creísteis, creyeron
  • caer (to fall) ..cayó, cayeron caer(se) (to fall down) - se cayó, se cayeron
  • leer (to read) - ..leyó..leyeron
  • oír (to hear) - ..oyó..oyeron
  • poseer (to possess) - ..poseyó..poseyeron
  • proveer (to provide) - ..proveyó..proveyeron
  • destruir (to destroy) - destruí, destruiste, destruyó, destruimos, destruisteis, destruyeron
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26
Q

verbs ending with -ucir

A

c changes to j (-e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -eron)

  • producir (to produce) - produje, produjiste, produjo, produjimos, produjisteis, produjeron
  • conducir (to drive, lead)
  • deducir (to deduce, infer)
  • inducir (to induce, lead) introducir (to introduce)
  • reducir (to reduce, cut down) traducir (to translate)
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27
Q

Meaning change in the preterite: conocer

A

present - to know (a person/place) preterite - to meet

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28
Q

Meaning change in the preterite: poder

A

present - to be able (to do something) preterite - to manage (to do something)

29
Q

Meaning change in the preterite: no poder

A

present - not to be able (to do something) preterite - to fail/to couldn’t (do something)

30
Q

Meaning change in the preterite: querer

A

present - to want preterite - to refuse

31
Q

Meaning change in the preterite: saber

A

present - to know (a fact/information) preterite - to find out, learn about

32
Q

Meaning change in the preterite: sentir

A

present - to feel preterite - to regret, to be sorry

33
Q

Meaning change in the preterite: tener

A

present - to have preterite - to have (at a certain time) Ella tuvo un bebé ayer.

34
Q

Reverse

this morning

A

esta mañana

35
Q

Reverse

this afternoon

A

esta tarde

36
Q

Reverse

yesterday

A

ayer

37
Q

Reverse

yesterday morning

A

ayer por la mañana

38
Q

Reverse

yesterday afternoon

A

ayer por la tarde

39
Q

Reverse

last night

A

anoche

40
Q

Reverse

last Saturday

A

el sábado pasado

41
Q

Reverse

last week

A

la semana pasada

42
Q

Reverse

last month

A

el mes pasado

43
Q

Reverse

last year

A

el año pasado

44
Q

Reverse

two days ago

A

hace dos días

45
Q

Reverse

a month ago

A

hace un mes

46
Q

Reverse

present - to know (a person/place) preterite - to meet

A

Meaning change in the preterite: conocer

47
Q

Reverse

present - to be able (to do something) preterite - to manage (to do something)

A

Meaning change in the preterite: poder

48
Q

Reverse

present - not to be able (to do something) preterite - to fail/to couldn’t (do something)

A

Meaning change in the preterite: no poder

49
Q

Reverse

present - to want preterite - to refuse

A

Meaning change in the preterite: querer

50
Q

Reverse

present - to know (a fact/information) preterite - to find out, learn about

A

Meaning change in the preterite: saber

51
Q

Reverse

present - to feel preterite - to regret, to be sorry

A

Meaning change in the preterite: sentir

52
Q

Reverse

present - to have preterite - to have (at a certain time) Ella tuvo un bebé ayer.

A

Meaning change in the preterite: tener

53
Q

Preterite of ser and ir

A

yo fui

tú fuiste

Ud./ él/ ella fue

Nosotros/as fuimos

Vosotros/as fuisteis

Uds./ellos/ellas fueron

54
Q

reverse

yo fui

tú fuiste

Ud./ él/ ella fue

Nosotros/as fuimos

Vosotros/as fuisteis

Uds./ellos/ellas fueron

Conjugated -ir verbs are followed by “a”.

A

Preterite of ser and ir

55
Q

anteayer

A

the day before yesterday

56
Q

desde el primer momento

A

from the first moment

57
Q

durante dos siglos

A

for two centuries

58
Q

el otro dia

A

the other day

59
Q

en ese momento

A

at that moment

60
Q

entonces

A

then

61
Q

reverse

the day before yesterday

A

anteayer

62
Q

reverse

from the first moment

A

desde el primer momento

63
Q

reverse

for two centuries

A

durante dos siglos

64
Q

reverse

the other day

A

el otro dia

65
Q

reverse

at that moment

A

en ese momento

66
Q

reverse

then

A

entonces

67
Q

Hasta hace 15 años

A

Until 15 years ago

68
Q

reverse

Until 15 years ago

A

Hasta hace 15 años