Ch2. Anatomy & Physiology (Nervous System And 3 Divisions)

Question 1

What is the nervous system?

Answer 1

coordinates all body activities.
Has over 100 billion neurons (nerve cells)

Question 2

What is neurology?

Answer 2

Scientific study of structure, function and pathology of the nervous system.

Question 3

What are the divisions of the NS (nervous system)?

Answer 3

•central nervous system (CNS)
•peripheral nervous system (PNS)
•autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Question 4

What is the ANS?

Answer 4

AUTOnamic nervous system.
C R
Controls involuntary muscles
Regulates action of smooth muscles;

blood vessels, breathing, glands, heart

Question 5

What is CNS?

Answer 5

Central nervous system
Responsible for:
C: consciousness
I: involuntary actions of the 5 senses
V: voluntary actions of the muscles
Consists of brain, nerves, spinal cord and

Question 6

What is PNS?

Answer 6

Peripheral nervous system.
C C B

•Connects outer body parts to CNS
•Carrie’s Impulses to & from CNS
•Both sensory & motor nerves

Question 7

What is the brain?

Answer 7

Largest and most complex mass of nerve tissue in the body.
Controls sensations, muscles, gland activity.
Sends & receives messages through 12 pairs of cranial nerves that reach various parts of the head, face & neck

Question 8

What is the brain stem?

Answer 8

Connects spinal cord to brain and involved in regulating vital functions, breathing , heartbeat and BP (blood pressure.

Question 9

What is the spinal cord?

Answer 9

Continuation of brain stem & originates in the brain, extend down to the lower extremity of the of trunk. Protected by spinal column.
31 pairs of spinal nerves extend to the muscle & skin of trunk and limbs.

Question 10

What is a nerve?

Answer 10

•Whitish cords made up of nerve fibers •held together by connective tissue
•originate in the brain & spinal column •transmits impulses to all parts of the body.

Question 11

How many types of nerves are there?

Answer 11

2

Sensory nerves or Afferent
Motor nerves or efferent

Question 12

What is a sensory nerve?

Answer 12

Aka Afferent nerve

Carries impulses or messages from the sense organs to the brain

Question 13

What is a motor nerve?

Answer 13

Aka efferent nerve carry impulses from brain to muscle or glands. These transmissions produce movement.

Question 14

What are receptors ?

Answer 14

Sensory nerve endings located at surface of skin

Question 15

What is a reflex?

Answer 15

Automatic nerve reaction to stimulus that involves the movement of an impulse from a sensory receptor along the sensory nerve to the spinal cord.
A responsive impulses back along a motor neuron to a muscle causes a reaction.

Question 16

How many cranial nerves? What do they do?

Answer 16

12 pairs at the base of brain and stem.
They activate muscle & sensory structure of head and neck (skin, membranes, eyes & ears) SEEM

Question 17

Of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves Which are Estheticians most concerned with?

Answer 17

V, VII, XI