Drugs

Question 1

Isoniazid (INH)
Anti tuberculosis

Answer 1

9 month treatment used with rifampin
Most commonly used anti-TB drug
Increased risk of adverse effects with alcoholism, diabetes, uremia malnourished are older
Hepatoxicity
Hepatitis
Alcoholics
Elderly
Peripheral neuropathy

Get baseline, liver function tests

Question 2

Rifampin

Answer 2

Used with INH with active TB
Affects the use of other drugs, including benzodiazepines, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, estrogens, oral contraceptives, warfarin and others
Monitor PT/INR may need to increase dose on Coumadin patients
Take one hour before or two hours after meals

Adverse effects
Hepatotoxicity
Urine saliva, sputum, sweat, teeth, and tears to turn a reddish orange to reddish brown color
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Question 3

Rimantadine (flumadine)

Answer 3

Used to control outbreaks of influenza A

Question 4

Oseltamivir (tamilfu)

Answer 4

Used to treat flu virus
Reduction of recovery for one to two days
Take with or without food
Life-threatening arrhythmias (Rare but serious )

Question 5

Amantadine (symmetrel)
Flu

Answer 5

Blocks the uncoating of the virus, preventing penetration to the host

Side effects
Dizziness
Lightheadedness
Nervousness with anxiety
Inability to concentrate 

Question 6

Zanamivir (relenza)
Flu

Answer 6

Disc inhaler delivery system
Use cautiously with COPD and asthmatic patients 

Question 7

Glucocorticoids

Answer 7

Used with acute exasperations of COPD not long-term
Reduction of inflammation

Side effects
Weight gain
Fluid retention
Night sweats
Insomnia
Hypokalemia leading to risk of cardiac arrhythmias
Anxiety increased heart rate
Increases appetite
Easy bruising

Long term side effects
Bone weakness
Osteoporosis
Weakened immune system

Question 8

Antitussives

Answer 8

Cough prevention
Dextromethorphan
Cough, suppressant neurological level of the brain that triggers the cough reflux

Side effects
Hallucinations, confusion, agitation, increased, heart rate 

Question 9

Nasal decongestant

Answer 9

Pseudoephedrine
Fluticasone

Stimulant increased heart rate
Shrink, swollen, nasal mucus membranes

Increases drainage of sinus secretion

Side effects hypertension urinary retention arrhythmias 

Question 10

Antihistamines

Answer 10

Diphenhydramine (Benedetto)
Allergies
Sedating
Common side effect, fatigue, dry mouth 

Question 11

Non-sedating antihistamines

Answer 11

Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
Laoratadine (Claritin)

Treatment of allergies, common side effect, dry mouth, headache, and a Abdominal pain, serious side effect includes aggression and angioedema works at the histamine receptor level 

Question 12

Sympathomimetics

Answer 12

Albuterol
Opens up the bronchi of the lungs

Treatment for asthmatics COPD exasperation allergic reactions that caused bronchial tightness

Relaxes the smooth muscles of the airway

Side effects
Shakiness
Anxiety
Headache
Tachycardia
Bronchospasm
Low potassium

Metaproternol
Salmetrol
Terbutaline 

Question 13

Anticholinegics

Answer 13

Ipratropium bromide
Tiotroprium

Question 14

Xanthines

Answer 14

Aminophyline
Theophylline
Bronchodilator

Question 15

Inhaled, steroids and tropical steroid nasal decongestants

Answer 15

Budesonide
Flunisolide
Beclomethasone
Fluticasone aerosol
Triamcinolone

Question 16

Leukotriene receptor agonist

Answer 16

Zafirlukast
Montelukast
Asthma

Question 17

Mast cell stabilizer

Answer 17

Cromilyn (nasalcrom)

Question 18

Epoietin alfa (epogen, procrit)

Answer 18

Question 19

Iron preparation

Answer 19

Question 20

Cyanocobalamin
Vitamin B12

Answer 20

Relieves symptoms of anemia
Decreased H&H fatigue, dyspnea
Improved neurological symptoms
Paresthesia, sore tongue
Injections continued for life 

Question 21

Antihemophilic agents

Answer 21

Ineffective tissue perfusion related to changes in coagulation
Acute pain related to side effects
Deficient knowledge related to drug therapy
Monitor for response
Monitor For adverse effects
Evaluate effective teaching
Monitor compliance 

Question 22

Antithrombotic and antithromboembolic medication’s

Answer 22

Anticoagulants
Used in thrombotic disorders
Antiplatelets
Used to prevent arterial thrombosis
Thrombolytics
Dissolve, thrombi, and limit tissue damage and thromboembolic disorders 

Question 23

Thrombolytic agents

Answer 23

Goal reestablish blood flow as quickly as possible prevent limit tissue damage

Strict timeline for administration within four hours of symptoms

Main adverse effect bleeding

-ase

Question 24

Anticoagulants

Answer 24

Given to prevent new clot formation, and extension of clots present

Indications for use prevention or management of thromboembolic disorders
Thrombophlebitis DVT pulmonary embolism

Main adverse effect bleeding

Drug drug interactions 

Question 25

Anticoagulant heparin

Answer 25

Regulated by activated, partial thromboplastin time aPTT

Warfarin regulated by international normalized ratio (INR), Based on prothrombin time (PT)
Lab drawn daily until therapeutic
Once therapeutic drawn every 2 to 4 weeks for duration of anticoagulant therapy, unless dose adjusted 

Question 26

Heparin, warfarin antidote

Answer 26

Heparin protamine sulfate

Warfarin, vitamin K 

Question 27

Colony stimulating factors CSF

Answer 27

Stimulate production of red blood cells, platelets granulocytes

Question 28

Filgrastim (neupogen)

Answer 28

Stimulates bone marrow to correct neutropenia

Used for neutropenia caused by chemotherapy, bone marrow transplant

Stimulates stem cell production

Subcutaneous or IV administration

Not to be given within 24 hours of chemo