Mononucleosis Flashcards
1
Q
- Organism Type: Virus; one of 9 known human herpesviruses
- Scientific name: Epstein-barr virus, formerly called gammaherpesvirus 4
- Subtypes: EBV A (type 1); EBV B (type 2)
- Common Name(s): ‘the kissing disease,’’ ‘glandular fever’
- Prevalence: Extremely common; ~50% of five-year-old children & ~90% of adults have evidence of previous infection
- Predisposing Factors: Close contact with infected persons & exposure to saliva
- Transmitted Via: Spreads through bodily fluids, primarily saliva.
A
Mononucleosis
2
Q
one of the most common human viruses and found globally. Most people get infected with EBV at some point in their lives
A
Mononucleosis
3
Q
- Presents consistent with erythematous or exudative pharyngitis or tonsillitis
- Malaise
- Fever
- Cervical lymphadenopathy (typically posterior)
- Splenomegaly (typically post infection
- Generalized maculopapular rash may occur in patients treated with cillin-class antibiotics for strep pharyngitis
A
Mononucleosis
4
Q
Labs for Mononucleosis
A
- Monospot test
Pts typically become positive within 4 weeks after symptom onset - CBC: leukocytosis with lymphocytosis is most often seen
May also see anemia, thrombocytopenia - LFT: potentially elevated aminotransferases
5
Q
Treatment of Mononucleosis
A
- Bed rest, Acetaminophen or NSAIDS
- Saline gargles 3 – 4 times daily.
- Avoid the use of antivirals
- Steroids should only be used in cases where airway obstruction is possible due to tonsillar enlargement
6
Q
Disposition of Mononucleosis
A
- Patients should be placed SIQ until acute symptoms subside
- Fever resolves within 10 days, but the the lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly may persist upwards of 3 - 4 weeks.
- Isolation is not necessary.
- Light duty with no physical contact sports for 3 – 4 weeks.
- Due to risk of splenomegaly and splenic rupture
7
Q
When would mononucleosis be MEDEVAC
A
MEDEVAC may be advised in severe cases where airway issues, or other complications arise.
