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Intro Nutrition > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Nutrients that the body needs from foods

A

Essential Nurtients

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2
Q

What is an energy unit shows that amount of energy people consumed from foods. Ex. Can be calculated from carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and alcohol.

A

Calories

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3
Q

Measurement of energy from the weight of food.

A

Energy Density

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4
Q

Foods high in nutrients but low in energy. Ex. Low fat or fat-free milk products.

A

Nutrient Density

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5
Q

There a total of 13 that are help and it has various functions that help aid in growth and maintain life. Ex. Vitamin C is essential because it supports and strengthen the immune system.

A

Vitamins

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6
Q

Inorganic and the body needs small amounts of it. Ex. It can be in the bones and teeth.

A

Minerals

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7
Q

The subject receives a placebo.

A

Control Group

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8
Q

The subjects received the real or actual treatment.

A

Experimental Group

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9
Q

Does not show the cause and effect of things, only show the connection or association of things.

A

Correlation

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10
Q

Harmless medications that are given to subjects that has no pharmacological effect.

A

Placebo

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11
Q

The subjects do not know whether they are members of the experimental group or the control group.

A

Blind Experiment

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12
Q

Both the subjects and researchers do not know or “blind” to which group (experiment or control) the subjects belong to.

A

Double-blind Experiment

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13
Q

Help researchers make sure that subjects in both groups have an equal chance of being assigned.

A

Randomization

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14
Q

What are the three types of Experimental Studies and what do they do?

A

Laboratory-based animal studies observe changes in animals health.

Laboratory-based vitro studies observe effects on cells, molecules, and tissues in living organism.

Human intervention (sub clinical) trails study the development or prevention of diseases.

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15
Q

What are the three types of Epidemiological studies and what do they do?

A

Cross-sectional studies observe people’s health along what and how much they eat.

Case-control studies observe two groups of people: one that have an condition and one without to determine different factors.

Cohort studies - the researchers collect information from selected groups of people.

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16
Q

Known as DRI and is the average or standard of recommended nutrients and energy to maintain health.

A

Dietary Reference Intake

17
Q

Is a program created in 2020 to improve Americans health and ensuring they get an adequate diet by having variety and limiting sodium consumptions.

A

Healthy People 2030

18
Q

They have a bachelor’s degree, have been in a supervised practice program, have taken a national exam and has done continuing education activities.

A

Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN)

19
Q

What influence food choices?

A

Preference
Habits
Ethnic Heritage or Cultural Tradition, Social Interactions, Convenience, Emotions, Values, Body weight & Image, and Nutritional Benefits.

20
Q

Organic Nutrients?

A

Carbohydrates
Protein
Fats
Vitamin

21
Q

Inorganic nutrients?

A

Minerals
Water

22
Q

Energy yielding nutrients?

A

Carbohydrates
Protein
Fats

23
Q

None energy yielding nutrients?

A

Vitamins
Minerals
Water

24
Q

Macronutrient

A

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats

25
Q

Micronutrient

A

Vitamins
Minerals

26
Q

Has 9 calories per gram

A

Fats

27
Q

Has 4 calories per gram?

A

Protein and Carbohydrates

28
Q

Is known as EAR and is the average daily nutrient for half the population.

A

Estimated Average Requirement

29
Q

Is known as RDA and is the average daily amount of nutrients that’s considered adequate for 98% of the population.

A

Recommended Dietary Allowance

30
Q

Is known as AI and is the daily amount of nutrients that’s considered adequate if RDA is not determined.

A

Adequate Intake

31
Q

Is known UL and appears to be safe but can cause toxicity.

A

Tolerable Upper Intake Level

32
Q

Is known AMDR and it provided adequate nutrients and energy to prevent chronic disease.

A

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range

33
Q

Is known as EER and maintain energy balance in a person.

A

Estimated Energy Requirement

34
Q

What are the ABCDs?

A

Anthropometric (height and weight)
Biochemical (laboratory test)
Clinical physical examinations (hair, skin, tongue, fingernails)
Dietary historical information (health status, SES, drug use)

35
Q

Top causes of death that are related to diet?

A

Heart disease, Cancers, Strokes, Diabetes Mellitus

36
Q

Which substance is found in the largest amount in both fruits and vegetables?

A

Carbohydrates

Intro Nutrition (12 decks)

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