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Earth Science > Geocentrism > Flashcards

Geocentrism Flashcards

1
Q

What is the belief of the geocentric theory?

A

That the earth is at the center of the world

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2
Q

What are deferents

A

Deferents are crystal/glass spheres mad of quintessence that all have my bodies move on around the earth

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3
Q

Where are the stars located

A

On the outermost deferent called the celestial sphere

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4
Q

What accounts for the planet’s independent motion?

A

The planets are each on their own individual sphere

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5
Q

What are eccentric orbits

A

Eccentric orbits are off centers orbits

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6
Q

What are eccentrics accounted for

A

Eccentrics are accounted for the the varying distances of the planets from the earth(ie Venus is closer and farther away from the earth)

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7
Q

What are epicycles

A

Epicycles are a wheel upon wheel motion

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8
Q

What do epicycles account for

A

Epicycles account for the apparent backward motions of the planets

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9
Q

Who is the Greek philosopher who taught the geocentric theory

A

Hipparchus

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10
Q

Who is Ptolemy ?

A

Ptolemy is another great philosopher who taught the geocentric theory theory persuasively the geocentric theory is also known as the Ptolemaic theory

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11
Q

What are 3 main reasons that the church in the Middle Ages adopted the geocentric theory as religious truth

A

The concept of the prime mover who is God,the fact that hell is in the center of the earth and heaven is outside of it, and Thomas aquinas who took Aristotles arguments into church theology in 1100s ad which set egocentrism into church as the “truth”

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12
Q

What type of motion is the planets orbital movement

A

Violent motion

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13
Q

What are the 2 types of motion?

A

Violent motion and natural motion

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14
Q

What is the cause of natural motion

A

When an element mad up of earth air fire or water returns to it home

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15
Q

What is the cause of violent motion

A

The prime mkver

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16
Q

What did Aristotle think about the celestial bodies

A

He thought that all celestial bodies would eventually stop just like how all objects in motion will eventually stop so therefore there needed to be a supreme being

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17
Q

What does this supreme being do

A

This supreme being keeps the stars and planets in motion by pushed them

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18
Q

What was earth air Fire and Water considered

A

Corruptible and vile

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19
Q

Whhy were the stars and planets considered perfect

A

Because they were mad if a perfect element called quintessence

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20
Q

Where does the prime mover live

A

In the celestial sphere

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21
Q

What and when did Hipparchus discover

A

Trigonometry 160 bc

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22
Q

Was he a geocentric or heliocentrist

A

Geocentrist

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23
Q

What did Hipparchus make

A

The first accurate star map

24
Q

Was Ptolemy a gecocentrist or heliocentrist

A

Geocentrist

25
Q

What is another name for the geocentric theory?Why?

A

The Ptolemaic theory (this was because he had a large role in improving the theory)

26
Q

What inspired Columbus to sail for India and what was the problem with it

A

One of Ptolemys maps that he drew but the the size of the orient had been greatly enlarged

27
Q

Why is the heliocentric theory also called the Copernican theory

A

Because he was the first person to have a major part in the heliocentric theory in modern times

28
Q

What work of his was considered haperesy by the Catholic Church and caused a stir

A

The revolution his book

29
Q

What are some of the argumentrs that he explains with the heliocentric ocentric theory concerning the atmospheric

A

The atmosphere actually moves with the earth so we are all traveling at the same speed as the earth

30
Q

Why are stars are hard to see them shift

A

Because they are too far away

31
Q

Wheat is the term for planets looking like they go back wards

A

retrograde motion

32
Q

What is retrograde motion

A

When a planet on a faster orbit passes a slower planet

33
Q

How did he replace the deferents need to explain the Sun

A

He placed the earth in orbit around the Sun

34
Q

Why did he propose the heliocentric theory

A

Because it seemed most fitting to him and the math is easiiet which reduced the number of defernts

35
Q

True or false Ty oh brage was a heliocentric at

A

False

36
Q

Who was tycoon brage

A

The mist accurate naked eye astronomer

37
Q

Who used his accurate data to further the heliocentric theory

A

Kepler

38
Q

What is a fun fact about home

A

He lost his nose over a math comp

39
Q

Using braces data what did Keller propose

A

Three laws of planetary motion

40
Q

What are the 3 planetary laws of motion

A

Planets move in ellipses
They cover the same area in equal Time
Planets travel faster when close to the sun and slower when farther form the sun

41
Q

What sis he do about the planet orbits

A

He matches an elliptical path of orbits to the planets

42
Q

What relationship did he have with Galileo

A

He was a contemporary of Galileo and encouraged him to publish his finding

43
Q

Who was Galileo Galilei

A

The first astronomer to observe the shy with his hand made telescope

44
Q

What did Galileo discover

A

The laws of falling bodies

45
Q

What is the law of falling bodies

A

All objects fall at the same rate regardless of mass with no air resistance

46
Q

What else did he discover concerning Saturn

A

The rings of Saturn the four largest moon if Jupiter(Galilean moon)

47
Q

Why was he put under house arrest

A

He was teaching heresy according to the Roman Catholicis church

48
Q

What did issac newton dicover

A

The universal laws of gravity

49
Q

What are the 3 laws of motion

A

1 an object in motion tends stays in motion in a straight line and an object at rest tends to stay at rest, unless acted upon by an outside force
2 Force =mass times acceleration
3 for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

50
Q

What did he dtermine

A

The laws do motion

51
Q

What did galileo discover concerning Jupiter

A

the four largest moon if Jupiter(Galilean moon)

52
Q

What did he discover was on the moon

A

Mountains and Valleys on the moon

53
Q

What did he discover about the sun and why does it contraduc5 the geocentric theory

A

The sun has sunspots/blemished which contradicts the belief of the geocentric theory which is that only earth is imperfect cause everything else is made of quintessence a perfect element

54
Q

Complete the timeline of the geocentric and heliocentric history
Aristotle—?=?
1517:?
1600:?

A

Aristotle—-Thomas aquinas=Theology
1517: Reformation
1600 Galileo

55
Q

What did newton invent

A

The reflection telescope

56
Q

What branch of mathematics did newton discover

A

Calculus

Earth Science (10 decks)

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