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Earth Science > The Sun > Flashcards

The Sun Flashcards

1
Q

In what galaxy is the sun located

A

The Milky Way

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2
Q

How far is the sun away from earth?(in km and miles)

A

150 million km/93 million miles

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3
Q

Why do the moon and the sun
Look the same size?

A

Due to the moon being 1/400 the diameter of the sun and 400 times closer to the earth, and the sun being bigger ( brighter)and more faraway makes the two planets appear to be the same size 

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4
Q

What percent of all the mass in the entire solar system (sun, asteroid and plants)is the sun

A

99%

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5
Q

In what form is the greatest amount of energy that the sun puts out? 

A

Electromagnetic waves 

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6
Q

What percentage of the energy radiated ffrom the sun electromagnetic waves?

A

97%

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7
Q

What is the remaining percentage of energy radiated composed of?

A

Neutrinos

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8
Q

List longest to shortest wavelength of electromagnetic radiation

A

Radio waves-microwaves-radar-infrared-visible light-ultraviolet-X rays -gamma rays

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9
Q

How has God specially created our atmosphere ,the sun and our eyes

A

Our atmosphere has been created so that yellow light most easily passes through it
Our eyes have been created so that we see yellow best
The sun was made to make the most light in the yellow/green wavelength

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10
Q

What color are the hottest and coolest stars

A

Hottest=blue
Coolest=red

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11
Q

What is the most intense color that is emitted by the sun?

A

Yellow

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12
Q

What can a spectroscope show about a star(list 3)

A

-what elements are present
-how much of an element is there
-whether an object is moving toward or away from us

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13
Q

What elements is the sun composed of?(2)

A

Helium and hydrogen

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14
Q

What phase of matter is the sun made up of?

A

Plasma

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15
Q

What is the visible surface of the sun called?

A

Photosphere

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16
Q

Hat are granules?

A

Granules are small cells that divide up the suns surface

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17
Q

What do granules resemble

A

Bubbles

18
Q

What do we suspect granules are caused by?

A

They are supposedly caused bY hotter plasma from the suns interior coming to the surface in convection currents

19
Q

What are sunspots ?

A

A small dark area on the sun’s surface

20
Q

How do sunspots show that the sun is rotating?

A

A sunspot in the western limb disappears and reappears at the Eastern limb a few weeks later

21
Q

How is the motion of the sun similar to earths motion?

A

The speed/time taken to do a full rotation differs from the equator and poles

22
Q

If a sunspot was cut and place on the Earth would it glow ?

A

Yes

23
Q

Then Why do sunspots look dark on the sun but would be bright on earth?

A

Because the sun is so bright therefore sunspots appear dark due to their cooler but still extremely bright light.when they are placed on a dimmer background/cooler temperature surface like the earth they would appear bright

24
Q

What is the dark inner portion of a sunspot called?

A

Umbra

25
Q

What is the penumbra portion of the sunspot ?

A

The brighter outer portion

26
Q

How are sunspots like a horseshoe magnet?

A

They are connected by a u shaped bridge of material beneath the suns surface

27
Q

I hat two things do sunspots affect

A

Weather
Our shortwave Radio transmissions of the ionosphere

28
Q

What is a solar flare?

A

Severe storm on sun/energetic outburst

29
Q

What two things do a solar flare emit?

A

Rays p/ light
Particles

30
Q

What effects can solar flares have on people on earth?(2)

A

Disrupt of radio communications
Can knock out satellites

31
Q

A few days After an intense solar flares?

A

Northern/southern lights

32
Q

What is corona

A

The Extensive outer portion of the suns atmosphere 

33
Q

What are spicules

A

Pointed jets extending from the chromosphere into the corona

34
Q

What are prominences

A

Streams of material that rise into and descend from the corona

35
Q

What is the chromosphere

A

The inner liner layer of the suns atmosphere

36
Q

What us the outermost part of the sun’s interior called?

A

Convective zone

37
Q

What is the central part of the sun’s interior called

A

Radiative zone

38
Q

What is the core

A

The innermost part of the suns interior

39
Q

What are neutrinos

A

Particles that move at the speed of light

40
Q

What is solar wind

A

Particles from the sun that constantly hit the earth

41
Q

What is a limb

A

An edge on the sun

Earth Science (10 decks)

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