Module 2 : Section 6 - Tissue, Organs and Systems Flashcards
1
Q
What is a tissue
A
A group of cells (plus any extracellular material secreted by them) that are specialised to work together to carry out a particular function. Tissue can contain more than one cell type
2
Q
Give examples of animal tissues that we need to know
A
- squamous epithelium
- ciliated epithelium
- muscle tissue
- cartilage
3
Q
What is squamous epithelium
A
- a single layer of flat cells lining a surface
- it’s found in many places, including alveoli in the lungs
4
Q
What is ciliated epithelium
A
- a layer of cells covered in cilia
- it’s found in surface where things need to moved
- e.g. trachea for instance where the cilia waft mucus along
5
Q
What are muscle tissue
A
- muscle tissue is made up of elongated cells called muscle fibres
- smooth (found lining the stomach wall) , cardiac (found in the heart), skeletal (which you use to move)
- they’re all slightly different in structure
6
Q
What is cartilage
A
- a type of connective tissue found in the joints
- it also shapes and supports the ears, nose and windpipe
- it’s formed when cells called chrondroblasts secrete extracellular matrix (a jelly like substance containing protein fibres) which become trapped inside
7
Q
What plant tissues do we need to know
A
- Xylem tissue
- Phloem tissue
8
Q
What is xylem tissue
A
- it transports water around the plant
- it supports the plant
- it contains hollow xylem vessel cells which are dead and living parenchyma cells
9
Q
What is phloem tissue
A
- phloem tissue transports sugars around the plant
- it is arranged in tubes and is made up of sieve cells and companion cells and some ordinary plant cells
- each sieve cell has end walls with holes in them so that sap can move easily through them
- these end wall are called sieve plates
10
Q
What is an organ
A
A group of tissues that work together to perform a particular function
11
Q
What examples of organs do we need to know
A
- the lungs
- leaves
12
Q
What are the lungs made of
A
- squamous epithelium tissue (in the alveoli)
- ciliated epithelium tissue (in the bronchi etc.)
- elastic connective tissue (in the blood vessels)
- vascular tissue (in the blood vessels)
13
Q
What are the leaves made of
A
- palisade tissue for photosynthesis
- epidermal tissue to prevent water loss for the leaf
- xylem and phloem tissues in the veins
14
Q
Organs work together to make….
A
Organ systems, each system has a particular function. Examples include:
- respiratory system
- circulatory system
