5- Principles of parenteral nutrition

Question 1

Which 2 routes can be used for parenteral nutrition

Answer 1

IV
IO

Question 2

What is the difference between PPN and TPN (parenteral nutriton)

Answer 2

TPN= total- contains glucose protein and lipids
PPN= partial- contains just glucose and protein

Question 3

What parameter should you measure when giving parenteral nutriton

Answer 3

Glucose - may need to give insulin if gets too high
Electrolytes, albumin, urea

Question 4

What is the max time you can use parenteral nutrition

Answer 4

1-2 weeks

Question 5

How much protein does a dog require in parenteral nutrition

Answer 5

4-6g/100kcal

Question 6

What % lipid solution should be added to parenteral nutrition

Answer 6

20%

Question 7

How should you start giving parenteral nutrition

Answer 7

Start with 25-50% RER over first 12-24 hours and then increase by 25% every 8 hours up to 100% maximum

Question 8

How do you stop parenteral nutrition

Answer 8

start enteral food gradually and build-up
gradually decrease PN by 25% every 6-8 hrs

Has to be done gradually

Question 9

Describe what happens when food is withheld from animal

Answer 9

GI changes - vili stunting–> decreased absorptive capacity
Predisposes to mild gastric ulceration

Question 10

Name 2 complications of parenteral nutrition

Answer 10

Catheter problems
Microbial contamination of PN
drug- nutrient interactions In the PN
Re-feeding syndrome
Electrolyte abnormalities

Question 11

T/F you can use the same catheter to give fluids, drugs and parenteral nutrition

Answer 11

False- the venous access catheter used for paraenteral nutrition should not be used for anything else