Vocabulary 3

Question 1

rhotic

Answer 1

relating to or denoting a dialect or variety of English (e.g. in most of the US and southwestern England) in which r is pronounced before a consonant (as in hard) and at the ends of words (as in far)

Question 2

constituents

Answer 2

constituent is a word or a group of words that functions as a single unit within a hierarchical structure.

Question 3

syllabic consonants

Answer 3

is a consonant that forms a syllable on its own, like the m, n, and l in some pronunciations of the English words rhythm, button, and bottle. also is a consonant that replaces a vowel in a syllable.

Question 4

coda

Answer 4

a sequence of phonemes that occurs at the end of a word.

Question 5

vowel epenthesis

Answer 5

vowel epenthesis is to repair an input that does not meet a language’s structural requirements.

Question 6

syllabification

Answer 6

a division of a word into syllables

Question 7

Maximal Onset
Principle.

Answer 7

A phonological principle proposed by some writers determines the placement of syllable boundaries in cases of doubt.

Question 8

sonority

Answer 8

how much acoustic energy a given speech sound has.

Question 9

Sonority Sequencing
Principle

Answer 9

the nucleus has maximal sonority and that sonority decreases as you move away from the nucleus.

Question 10

spectrogram

Answer 10

analyses a speechwave into its frequency components.

Question 11

Phonology

Answer 11

Phonology is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages or dialects systematically organize their sounds or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs.

Question 12

narrow transcription

Answer 12

Narrow transcription captures as many details as possible about the spoken words.

Question 13

complementary distribution

Answer 13

complementary distribution, as opposed to comparative distribution and free variation, is a relationship between two different elements of the same kind, in which one element is in the same set of conditions, and the other element is in a non-overlapping (complementary) set of environments.

Question 14

minimal pairs

Answer 14

words that sound the same but have different meanings when combined.

Question 15

spectro-
gram

Answer 15

analyses a speech wave into its frequency components.

Question 16

allophone

Answer 16

one of two or more variations of the sound of the same phoneme.

Question 17

Phone

Answer 17

is a distinct speech sound.

Question 18

Minimal pairs

Answer 18

pair of words that differ in only one phonological element and have distinct meanings.

Question 19

The syllable

Answer 19

unit of sound that conveys meaning in the language it belongs to.

Question 20

erroneous pronunciation

Answer 20

How to pronounce erroneous adjective in British English us / əˈroʊ.ni.əs/ How to pronounce erroneous adjective in American English

Question 21

cognates

Answer 21

groups of words in different languages that come from the same word of origin.

Question 22

Sonority scale

Answer 22

a hierarchical ranking of speech sounds (or phones).

Question 23

free variation

Answer 23

free variation is the phenomenon of two (or more) sounds or forms appearing in the same environment without a change in meaning and without being considered incorrect by native speakers.

Question 24

Alternations

Answer 24

the phenomenon of a morpheme exhibiting variation in its phonological realization.

Question 25

Neutralisation

Answer 25

a process whereby two sounds that are contrastive in a particular language become identical in some or all contexts.