Respiration in cells

Question 1

cellular respiration

Answer 1

the process by which food is broken down to yield ATP (a source of energy for metabolic reactions)

Question 2

respiratory substrate

Answer 2

the substance used as a fuel and oxidised during cellular respiration

Question 3

aerobic respiration

Answer 3

the form of cellular respiration that occurs in the mitochondria in the presence of oxygen

Question 4

stalked particles

Answer 4

structures on the inner mitochondrial membrane where ATP production occurs

Question 5

reduction

Answer 5

the addition of electrons to a substance (e.g by the addition of hydrogen or removal of oxygen)

Question 6

oxidation

Answer 6

the removal of electrons from a substance (e.g by the addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogen)

Question 7

hydrogen acceptor

Answer 7

a molecule which receives hydrogen and becomes reduced in cell biochemistry

Question 8

NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)

Answer 8

a coenzyme that acts as a hydrogen acceptor

Question 9

reduced NAD

Answer 9

NAD which has received a hydrogen atom in a metabolic pathway

Question 10

FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide)

Answer 10

a hydrogen carrier and coenzyme ; in cellular respiration, FAD receives hydrogen to form reduced FAD driving the production of ATP

Question 11

respirometer

Answer 11

a piece of apparatus used for measuring the rate of respiration in whole organisms or cultures of cells