food

Question 1

why do we need food

Answer 1

source of energy, growth and repair, provides chemicals for metabolic reactions

Question 2

name the 4 biomolecules

Answer 2

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins

Question 3

what is the hydrogen to oxygen ratio in a standard carbohydrate

Answer 3

2:1

Question 4

define mono, di and polysaccharides and give an example of each

Answer 4

one (glucose), two (sucrose) and many (starch) sugar unites joined together

Question 5

structural + metabolic role of carbohydrates

Answer 5

cellulose is used to form plant cell walls…. glucose is broken down in respiration to release energy

Question 6

test for starch + glucose/reducing sugar

Answer 6

iodine- brown to blue
benedicts solution - blue to brick red

Question 7

name the elements present in lipids

Answer 7

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 8

what’s the difference between fats and oils

Answer 8

fats are solid at room temp, oils are liquid at room temp

Question 9

describe the structure of the smallest lipid

Answer 9

tryglyceride- glycerol + three fatty acids

Question 10

what is a structural role of lipids

Answer 10

phospholipids are component of cell membranes… tryglycerides form adipose tissue which protect internal oragns

Question 11

metabolic role of lipids

Answer 11

tryglycerides can be stored as a source of energy

Question 12

what is the test for lipids

Answer 12

brown paper test- lipids will create a translucent spoton brown paper

Question 13

name the elements present in proteins

Answer 13

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Question 14

what is the smalled form of a protein

Answer 14

amino acid

Question 15

how many different types of amino acidsare there

Answer 15

20

Question 16

what bonds different amino acids together

Answer 16

peptide bonds

Question 17

name the two shapes of proteins

Answer 17

fibrous, globular

Question 18

structural role of protein

Answer 18

skin, hair, nails (keratin)

Question 19

metabolic role of protein

Answer 19

enzymes, antibodies and some hormones

Question 20

test for protein

Answer 20

biuret solution turns from blue to purple/violet… no heat required

Question 21

what chemicals make up biuret solution

Answer 21

sodium hydroxide and copper sulphate

Question 22

name the two types of vitamins and give an example of each

Answer 22

water soluble (B,C) or fat soluble (A,D,E,K)

Question 23

name a disease related to water or fat soluble vitamin defficiencies

Answer 23

water (C)- scurvy… fat(D)- rickets in children

Question 24

what is the purpose of a named fat and water soluble vitamin

Answer 24

Vit C- forms connective tissues… Vit D needed to absorb calcium

Question 25

name 2 minerals needed by plants

Answer 25

magnesium - forms cholophyll molecule… calcium- helps cell walls attach to each other

Question 26

name 2 minerals needed by animals

Answer 26

calcium- needed fro strong bones and teeth… iron- helps carry oxygen in red blood cells

Question 27

define metabolism

Answer 27

the sum of all chemical reactions in the body

Question 28

name the two types of metabolic reactions

Answer 28

anabolic, catabolic

Question 29

why is water needed in the body

Answer 29

good solvent, participates in chemical reactions, carries substances around the body (transport), good absorber of heat enery