genetic engineering

Question 1

define genetic engineering

Answer 1

the artificial manipulation/aleration of genes

Question 2

give the purpose of G.E

Answer 2

allows genes of one organism to be inserted into the cell of another organism

Question 3

list the tools used in G.E

Answer 3

source of DNA, cloning vector, restriction enzyme, DNA ligase

Question 4

what do restriction enzymes do

Answer 4

cut DNA at particular sites- they recognise DNA sequences and only cut where these sequences occur

Question 5

what do cloning vectors do?

Answer 5

they can accept foreign DNA and replicate itself + the foreign DNA- most common is bacterial plasmid

Question 6

what is the purpose of DNA ligase

Answer 6

used to stick DNA molecules from different sources together- only works if the same restriction enzyme was used

Question 7

what is recombinant DNA

Answer 7

DNA that has been altered

Question 8

what is gene splicing

Answer 8

when recombinant DNA is joined to other unrelated DNA in the organism- tiny segments of a gene are taken out

Question 9

list the steps in G.E

Answer 9

isolation, cutting, ligation, transformation, cloning, expression

Question 10

explain isolation in terms of G.E