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Nur201 > Drugs Test 3 > Flashcards

Drugs Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

ACE inhibitors

A

Captopril (Capoten)
Enalapril (Vasotec)
Lisinopril (Prinivil)

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2
Q

Ace inhibitors KeyPoint

A

Ace inhibitors prevent the conversion of angiotensin, one to angiotensin two leading to a fall in blood pressure

Adverse effects associated with ace, inhibitors are related to the effects of vasodilation and alterations in blood flow

CNS affects: Syncope, dizziness, headache

Dermatological reactions, alopecia rash

Cough

cardiovascular effects, tachycardia, heart failure, arrhythmias, hypotension

Liver damage, renal damage, G.I. effects

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3
Q

Angiotensin II receptor blockers

A

Losartan (Cozar)

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4
Q

Angiotensin two receptor blocker’s key points

A

Prevent the body from responding to angiotensin two, causing a loss of effectiveness of the renin angiotensin system by blocking the angiotension, receptor and blood vessels

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5
Q

Calcium channel blockers

A

Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Amlodipine ( Nirvasc)
Verapamil (Calan)

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6
Q

Calcium channel blockers, key points

A

Main use of calcium channel blockers is for the treatment of angina

Calcium channel blockers interfere with the influx of calcium, decreasing the ability of muscles to contract, which leads to vasodilation, which in turn reduces blood pressure 

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7
Q

Vasodilators

A

Nitroprusside (Nitropress)

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8
Q

Sympathetic, nervous system blockers

A

Beta blockers
Metoprolol
Atenolol

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9
Q

Beta blocker KeyPoint

A

Block, vasoconstriction, decreased heart rate, decreased cardiac muscle contractions, and tend to increase blood flow to the kidneys, leading to a decrease in the release of renin

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10
Q

Antianginal agent

A

Nitroglycerin (Nitro-Stat)

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11
Q

Nitrate key points

A

Nitrates cause blood vessels to relax and dilate. This results in a drop and peripheral resistance and blood pressure and a decrease in Venus return to the heart. These actions will decrease myocardial workload, and can restore the appropriate balance in the supply and demand ratio in the heart.

No trades are available in many forms at Barry, and time of onset and duration of action. Fast acting nitrate are used to treat a cute anginal attacks. Slower acting nitrates are used to prevent anginal attack from occurring. 

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12
Q

Cardiac glycosides

A

Digoxin (Lanoxin)

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13
Q

Digoxin KeyPoint

A

The cardiac glycoside digoxin increases the movement of calcium into the heart muscle. This results in increased force of contraction, which increases blood flow to the kidneys, causing a diuretic effect, slows the heart rate, and slows conduction through the AV node. All of these affects, decrease the hearts Workload

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14
Q

Bile acid sequestrants

A

Cholestyramine (Questran)

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15
Q

Bile acids sequestrants key points

A

Prevent the reabsorption of bile salts, with your high in cholesterol. Consequently, the Liverpool cholesterol from the blood to make a nubile acid, lowering the serum cholesterol level.

Patients need to learn how to mix powders are, if taking the tablet form, the importance of swallowing the tablet hall, and not cutting, crushing, or chewing it. Dosage should not be taken with other drugs to avoid problems with absorption.

G.I. problems are often reported when using bile acids sequestrants, including nausea, bloating, and constipation 

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16
Q

HMG CoA reductase inhibitor

A

Atrovastatin (Lipitor)
Simvastatain (Zocor)

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17
Q

Statins key points

A

Statins block, the enzyme, HMG CoA, reductase, resulting in lower sermon, cholesterol levels, a resultant breakdown of LDL’s, and a slight increase in HDL’s

Patient receiving statins should avoid pregnancy because of serious, fetal adverse effects, should take the drug in the evening to mimic the normal patterns of lipid formation, should have liver function, monitored regularly, and should be instructed to report any sudden muscle pain, especially if accompanied by fever

18
Q

Vitamin B3

A

Niacin

19
Q

Niacin key points

A

Other agents used to lower cholesterol include fibrates and niacin. Often, lipid lowering agents are used in combination to lower cholesterol at different sites.

20
Q

Lipid, lowering agent fibrates

A

Gemfibrozil

21
Q

Cholesterol absorption inhibitor

A

Ezetimibe (Zetia)

22
Q

Cholesterol Absorption, inhibitor key points 

A

Works in the brush border of the small intestine to prevent the absorption of dietary cholesterol, which leads to increased clearance of cholesterol by the liver and a resultant fall and serum cholesterol

Changes in diet and increased exercise are important parts of the overall treatment of a patient receiving a cholesterol absorption inhibitor 

23
Q

Antiplatelet agents

A

Aspirin
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Dipyridamole (Persantine)

24
Q

Anticoagulant

A

Heparin
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Apicaban (Eliquis)
Rivaroxabane (xarelto)

25
Q

Thrombolytic agents

A

Urokinase (Abbokinase)

26
Q

Low molecular weight heparin

A

Enoxaparin ( Lovenox)

27
Q

Anticoagulant key points

A

To keep Blood from coagulating, anticoagulants block. Blood aggregates are interfere with the mechanisms that cause blood to clot

28
Q

Thrombolytic KeyPoint

A

Thrombolytic drugs, activate the plasminogen system to dissolve clots naturally

29
Q

Glucocorticoid

A

Prednisone
Belomethasone
Betamethasone
Dexamthasone
Hrdrocortisone
Methylprednisone


30
Q

Glucocorticoid key points

A

The glucosteroids, increase glucose production, stimulate fat deposition and protein, breakdown, and inhibit protein formation. They are used clinically to block inflammation in the immune response, and in conjunction with mineral corticosteroids to treat adrenal insufficiency.

Patient receiving glucocorticoid need to be protected from exposure to infection, have their blood sugar, monitored regularly, and dietary changes made as needed, and will not heal well because of the blocking protein formation

31
Q

Corticosteroids children, KeyPoint

A

Dose is determined by the severity of the condition being treated and response to the drug not on a weight or age formula
Children need to be monitored closely for any effects on growth and development, and dose adjustment should be made or the drug discontinued if growth is severely retarded

32
Q

5 Alpha, reductase, inhibitors

A

Finasteride (Proscar)
Dutasteride (Avodart)

33
Q

Alpha I Adrenergic receptor blockers

A

Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Docazosin (Cardura)
Terazosin (Hytrin)

34
Q

Anti-collagenic urinary antispasmodics

A

Oxybutynin (Ditropan)

35
Q

Urinary antiseptics

A

Notrofurantoin (Furadantin, Macrodantin, Macrobid)

Phenazopyridin (Pyridium, Azo Standard),
Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrium, Septra)

36
Q

Sulfonamides
UTI

A
37
Q

Urinary antiseptics
UTI

A
38
Q

Anticholinergic urinary antispasmodics

A
39
Q

Benign prostate hyperplasia

A
40
Q

Benign prostate hyperplasia

A

Nur201 (11 decks)

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