unit 1: scope and history of MCB Flashcards

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1
Q

what did Hieronymus Fracastorius do and what does epidemic mean

A

he published study on epidemic disease. epidemic means a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.
“a flu epidemic”

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2
Q

who invented the first microscope

A

antony van leeuwenhoek

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3
Q

who produced the cowpox vaccine

A

edward jenner

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4
Q

who helped us by inventing chemical disinfectants in maternity wards

A

Semmelweis

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5
Q

who discovered the following :
-Fermentation and putrefaction are caused by micro-organisms
-boiling bandages and surgical instruments
-protected sheep against Anthrax by vaccination
-discovered pasteurization

A

louis Pasteur

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6
Q

modern aseptic surgical techniques are based on who’s work

A

joseph lister

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7
Q

who came up with basis of Gram stain & Ziehl-Neelsen stain and developed the first antibiotic

A

paul ehrlich

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8
Q

list 4 things Robert koch contributed to the field of MCB

A
  1. HE won a nobel price for work in TB
    2.methods of isolating bacteria
  2. Koch’s postulates
  3. invented agar
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9
Q

Fill in the blanks for koch’s postulates

1.The __ causing organism must always be __ in every __ of the disease.

  1. The organism must be isolated from the __ containing the disease and grown in __ __.
  2. Samples from the pure culture must cause the __ __ when inoculated into a __ in the laboratory.
  3. The organism must be __ from the inoculated animal and must be identified as the __ __ organism that was first isolated from the __ diseased host.
A

Check notes on your book.

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10
Q

State the 3rd Koch’s postulate

A

a sample of the organism from the pure culture must cause the same disease when inoculated into a healthy animal in the laboratory.

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11
Q

Which micro-orgamism does myochology represent

A

Fungus

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12
Q

Is bacteria unicellular or multicellular

A

Unicellular

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13
Q

Is bacteria eukaryotic or prokaryotic

A

Prokaryotic

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14
Q

What is the difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes

A

Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and organelles while eukaryotes have a distinct nucleus and organelles

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15
Q

What is the difference between commensals, pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria

A

Commensals -normal helpful bacteria
Pathogenic- disease-causing bacteria
Opportunistic- cause disease under certain conditions

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16
Q

What is the similarity between protozoa and fungi and yeasts

A

They are both eukaryotic

17
Q

Which micro organisms are helpful in food industry and help produce anti-biotics

A

Fungi and yeasts

18
Q

Which micro organism can be carried by female mosquitoes
and cause malaria

A

Protozoa

19
Q

Which 2 micro organisms are intracellular

A

Viruses and rickettsias

20
Q

Viruses evolved from plasmids and bacteria, what are plasmids

A

Generic structure in the cells that replicate independently of chromosomes

21
Q

Why do viruses have no autonomous metabolism

A

They have no ribosomes so they cannot carry out their own metabolism.

22
Q

Which micro organism is carried as parasites by fleas

A

Rickettsias

23
Q

What 4 important factors are considered when growing bacterial cultures

A
  1. Temperature (37degrees calcius)
  2. Moisture
    3.atmospheric conditions (aerobic, anaerobic and facultative bacteria)
    4.nutrients.