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CMS Crunch > Northern Italy Study Guide > Flashcards

Northern Italy Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

When was the DOCG system introduced?

A

1963

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2
Q

What were the first DOCGs established and when was this?

A

Brunello di Montalcino
Barolo
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

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3
Q

When were the Goria laws established and what did they create?

A

1992

Created the category Indicazione Geographica Tipica (IGT), a more relaxed regulation, offering winemakers wider freedoms

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4
Q

When did the first IGTs appear?

A

1994

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5
Q

How many DOCGs are there in Italy? What is the youngest and when was it established?

A

74

Nizza (2014)

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6
Q

What is the quality hierarchy for wine in Italy?

A

Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DCOG)
Denominazione di Controllata (DOC)
Indicazione Geografica Tipica (IGT)
Vino (formerly Vino da Tavola)

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7
Q

What mountain ranges runs north to south through Italy? Which mountains bracket the northern regions?

A 
Apennine Mountains (north to south)
Alps (north)
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8
Q

What is the official language of Valle d’Aosta?

A

French

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9
Q

What is the major river that flows through the center of Piemonte? What direction does it flow and where are its headwaters?

A

Po River

flows eastward from headwaters in the western Alps

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10
Q

What three provinces contain the most vineyard area in Piemonte?

A

Cuneo
Alessandria
Asti

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11
Q

What mountain range provides a rain shadow effect in Piemonte? What is the climate here?

A

The Alps

Continental climate

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12
Q

What is a major threat to the vines of Piemonte in the Autumn months?

A

hail

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13
Q

What are the most prized southern-exposed vineyards for Nebbiolo called in Piemonte?

A

Sorì

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14
Q

Is Nebbiolo thin skinned or thick skinned?

A

Thin-skinned

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15
Q

Is Nebbiolo early or late-ripening?

A

late-ripening

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16
Q

What are the trio of major red grapes in Piemonte? Of these three what’s the earliest to ripen?

A

Nebbiolo
Barbera
Dolcetto (earliest to ripen)

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17
Q

What is Piemonte’s most planted red grape?

A

Barbera

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18
Q

Other than the big 3, what are the 6 other indigenous red grapes with significant plantings in Piemonte?

A 
Brachetto
Grignolino
Ruchè
Croatian
Freisa
Vespolina
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19
Q

What is Piemonte’s most-planted white grape? What are 4 other indigenous white grapes grown here?

A

Moscato Bianco (Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains) is the most planted white grape

Cortese
Arneis
Erbaluce
Favorita (Vermentino)

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20
Q

What is the synonym for Vermentino in Piemonte?

A

Favorita

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21
Q

What are 5 international grapes with significant acreage planted to them in Piemonte?

A 
Cabernet Sauvignon
Syrah
Merlot
Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc
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22
Q

Which region in Italy is home to more DOC zones than any other?

A

Piemonte

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23
Q

What river are the DOCGs of Barolo and Barbaresco located along? What province are they within?

A

Tanaro River

Within the Cuneo Province

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24
Q

What are the top 5 communes for Barolo?

A 
La Morra
Barolo
Serralunga d'Alba
Monforte d'Alba
Castiglione Falletto
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25
Q

What are the two main soil types of Barolo and which communes have each? What characteristics do they imbue to the wines?

A

Tortonian:
contain a higher proportion of calcareous marl characterize the vineyards of La Morra and Barolo and provide a softer style of wine.

Serravallian (Helvetian):
sandstone soils are more common in Monforte d’Alba and Serralunga d’Alba and supply more structure in the wines.

Castiglione Falletto has a mix of both of these soil types

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26
Q

What are the aging requirements for Barolo normale and riserva?

A

Normale:
38 months from November 1 (18 months in oak)

Riserva: 62 months prior to release

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27
Q

When did modernization techniques first appear in Barolo creating a divergence in style?

A

1980s

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28
Q

What are the top 3 traditional producers in Barolo? 3 top modern producers?

A

Traditionalists:
Giacomo Conterno
Bartolo Mascarello
Giuseppe Rinaldi

Modernists:
Paolo Scavino
Luciano Sandrone
Elio Altare

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29
Q

What 4 towns are permitted for the production of Barbaresco?

A

Portion of Alba
Barbaresco
Neive
Treiso

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30
Q

What are the aging requirements for Barabareso normale and riserva?

A 
Normale:
2 years (including min 9 months in oak)

Riserva:
4 years

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31
Q

What is the top traditional producer in Barbaresco? What is a close second?

A

Bruno Giacosa

Produttori del Barbaresco

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32
Q

Whose wines put Barbaresco on the map in the 20th century? Under what protected appellation does he release his wines under?

A

Angelo Gaja

Langhe DOC

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33
Q

What are Barolo and Barbaresco frequently compared to Burgundy?

A

The wines show similar aromatic richness, and the Langhe’s climate, the importance of single vineyards, and the modern emphasis on domaine bottling parallel the structure of Burgundy

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34
Q

When did an emphasis on domaines and estate-bottling being to really dominate?

A

1960s

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35
Q

When did the Barolo/Barbaresco/Langhe Consorzio vote to enshrine the crus of Barbaresco? When did Barolo follow suit? What is the term for these?

A

Barbaresco (2007)
Barolo (2010)

menzione geografiche aggiuntive

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36
Q

What is Barolo Chinato? Who is the top producer?

A

DOCG for aromatized wine that is flavored with quinine.

Cappellano is the best

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37
Q

When was the Roero DOC elevated to DOCG? What styles are produced here? Grapes?

A

2004

Red and white from mostly Nebbiolo and Arneis respectively

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38
Q

What is the min % of Nebbiolo required for Roero DOCG rosso wines?

A

Min 95%

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39
Q

What causes the Nebbiolo wines of Roero DOCG to express themselves as lighter, softer style compared to Barolo and Barbaresco?

A

Sandy soils

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40
Q

What are the two Nebbiolo DOCGs located north of the Po River along the Sesia River?

A

Gattinara DOCG

Ghemme DOCG

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41
Q

What river are the DOCGs Gattinara and Ghemme located along?

A

Sesia

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42
Q

What is Nebbiolo known as in Gattinara and Ghemme? What are the two common blending grapes combined with Nebbiolo here?

A

Known as Spanna

Vespolina and Bonarda are the common blending partners here.

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43
Q

What clone of Bonarda is used as a blending grape in the DOCGs of Ghemme and Gattinara respectively? Is either grape related to the Bonarda of Argentina?

A

Uva Rara/Bonarda Novarese (Ghemme)

Bonarda di Gattinara (Gattinara)

Neither is related to the Bonarda grape of Argentina

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44
Q

What are two DOCs near Ghemme DOCG producing similar style Nebbiolo-based wines as the DOCG?

A

Lessona DOC

Sizzano DOC

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45
Q

What is a top DOC for Nebbiolo near the Valle d’Aosta border known for producing fragrant wines especially in warmer vintages?

A

Carema DOC

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46
Q

In what hills do the best Barbera vines grow in Piemonte?

A

Monferrato Hills

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47
Q

What are the 3 DOCGs for Barbera in Piemonte? When were they established?

A

Barbera d’Asti DOCG (2008)
Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG (2008)
Nizza (2014)

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48
Q

What are the aging requirements for Barbera d’Asti DOCG and Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG?

A

Barbera d’Asti: can be released after 4 months of aging

Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG:
14 months including 6 months in cask

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49
Q

Which aging vessel is common for the maturation of Barbera wines?

A

New French Oak

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50
Q

What is the name of the DOCG in the Monferrato Hills for fragrant red wines that is produced from a different grape than the other big 3 DOCGs there?

A

Roche di Castagole Monferrato

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51
Q

What are the 3 DOCG wines of Piemonte produced for Dolcetto? What is the minimum aging period for all 3 of these DOCGs superiore versions?

A

Dogliani DOCG
Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore (Ovada) DOCG
Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG

All superiores must be aged for a min 1 year

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52
Q

How many classified sorì are there in Diano d’Alba DOCG?

A

77

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53
Q

What is the top producer of Dogliani DOCG?

A

Luigi Einaudi

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54
Q

What was the first still white wine DOCG in Piemonte? What province is this located in? What DOCG borders it to the west?

A

Gavi (Cortese di Gavi) DOCG

Located in the extreme southern part of the Alessandria province.

Ovada borders it to the west

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55
Q

What styles are produced in Gavi? Grape?

A

Tranquillo
Spumante or frizzante

Cortese is the grape

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56
Q

What DOCG is south of Carema DOC? What styles of wine are produced there and from what grape? When was it elevated to DOCG?

A

Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG

tranquillo, spumante, or passito wines are produced here from the Erbaluce grape

Elevated to DOCG in late 2010

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57
Q

What is the largest producing DOCG in Italy?

A

Asti/Moscato d’Asti DOCG

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58
Q

How are the grapes used for Moscato d’Asti different than those used for Asti spumante?

A

They are riper

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59
Q

What is the maximum atm pressure level for Moscato d’Asti?

A

2atm

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60
Q

What is the name of the metodo classico DOCG in Piemonte for wines produced from Chardonnay and Pinot Nero (Pinot Noir)?

A

Alta Langa DOCG

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61
Q

What are the aging requirements for Alta Langa DOCG?

A

spumante:
min 30 months aging after harvest

spumante riserva:
min 36 months

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62
Q

What are two top producers of Alta Langa DOCG wines?

A

Fontanafredda and Enrico Serafino

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63
Q

What is the climate of Valle d’Aosta?

A

Continental with long, cold winters and short, hot summers

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64
Q

What is the main river of Valle d’Aosta?

A

Dora Baltea River

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65
Q

What is the sole DOC for Valle d’Aosta wine? What are the 7 subzones?

A

Valle d’Aosta DOC

subzones:
Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle
Arnad-Montjovet
Donnas
Torrette
Enfer d'Arvier
Nus 
Chambave
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66
Q

What are the three subzones of Valle d’Aosta DOC that champion the Petit Rouge grape?

A

Torrette
Enfer d’Arvier
Chambave

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67
Q

What is the name of the synonym for Nebbiolo in Valle d’Aosta DOC? What are the two top subzones in the DOC for this grape?

A

Picotendro

Donnas
Arnad-Montjovet

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68
Q

What is the name of the star grape for the wines produced in La Salle in Valle d’Aosta? What is the name of the sub zone? What mountain is this area located on?

A

Prié is the grape

Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle is the subzone

Mont Blanc is the mountain

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69
Q

What is the name of the indigenous grape of Valle d’Aosta produced almost exclusively as rosé?

A

Premetta

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70
Q

Other then Picotendro (Nebbiolo) what are 5 other star red grapes of Valle d’Aosta DOC?

A 
Petit Arvine
Gamay
Petit Rouge
Fumin
Premetta
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71
Q

What is the capital city of Lombardy?

A

Milan

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72
Q

What is the most important DOCG zone in Lombardy and biggest rival to quality of Champagne?

A

Franciacorta DOCG

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73
Q

What DOC are still wines produced under in the Franciacorta area? What IGT?

A

Curtefranca DOC (formerly Terre di Franciacorta)

Sebino IGT

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74
Q

What two producers spearheaded the sparking wine movement in Franciacorta? Which was the first to produce a modern sparkling wine here? When was this?

A

Guido Berlucchi (first to produced modern sparkling wine here in the 1960s)

Maurizio Zanella

75
Q

Maurizio Zanella is associated with what Franciacorta house? What is the prestige cuvée here?

A

Ca’Del Bosco

Annamaria Clementi is the prestige cuvee

76
Q

When was Franciacorta granted DOCG status?

A

1995

77
Q

What are the grape requirements for Franciacorta DOCG?

A

Franciacorta
Chardonnay and Pinot Nero
with max 50% Pinot Bianco
max 10% Erbamat

Rosé
Min 35% Pinot Nero
Max 65% Chardonnay
Max 50% Pinot Bianco
Max 10% Erbamat

Satén:
Chardonnay and maximum 50% Pinot Bianco

78
Q

What are the aging requirements for NV Franciacorta and Millesimato (vintage) Franciacorta respectively? Riserva? Satèn?

A

NV:
18 months on the lees and 25 months total from date of tirage

Millesimato:
30 months on the lees with 37 months total from date of tirage

Riserva:
60 months on the lees with 67 months total from date of tirage

Satèn/Rosé:
24 months on the lees with 31 months total from date of tirage

79
Q

What grapes are used for Franciacorta Satèn?

Can it be Millesimato or Riserva?

What are the atm requirements?

What is the max RS?

A

White grapes only

Can be Millesimato and Riserva

Must be bottled at less than 5atm

Max 20g/L prior to tirage

80
Q

What is the min % of Pinot Nero for Franciacorta Rosé? Is it produced by blending or saignée?

A

min 35% Pinot Nero

Produced by blending

81
Q

How is Franciacorta Millesimato different than vintage Champagne in regards to grape requirements?

A

Min 85% of the grapes from the stated harvest must be used for Franciacorta as opposed to the min 100% requirement for vintage Champagne

82
Q

What style must Franciacorta Satèn be made in exclusively?

A

Exclusively brut from only white grapes

83
Q

What is the sweetest sweetness level for the following:

Franciacorta/Franciacorta Rosé
Franciacorta Millesimato
Franciacorta Riserva
Franciacorta Satèn

A

Franciacorta/Franciacorta Rosé: Demi-sec
Franciacorta Millesimato: Extra Dry
Franciacorta Riserva: Brut
Franciacorta Satèn: Brut only

84
Q

What is the min % of Pinot Nero that must be present in Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG? Can it be labeled varietally? What other three grapes can be blended in?

A

min 70%

min 85% Qualifies for varietal labeling

max 30% Combined Chardonnay, Pinot Grigio, and Pinot Bianco can be blended in (max 15% if Pinot Nero labeled)

85
Q

What are the aging requirements for NV and Vintage (Millesimato) Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG?

A

NV:
min 15 months on lees following Jan 1 of year after harvest

Millesimato:
min 24 months on lees after Jan 1

86
Q

What is the most important zone for red wines in Lombardy?

A

Valtellina

87
Q

How does the style of Nebbiolo in Valtellina compare to Piedmontese expressions?

A

Lighter and more angular style

88
Q

Despite Valtellina’s northern outpost, alpine location, and altitude Nebbiolo is able to ripen because of what?

A

an abundance of sunshine

89
Q

What are the two DOCG zones within the Valtellina zone?

A

Valtellina Superiore DOCG

Sforzato di Valtellina/Valtellina Sfurzat DOCG

90
Q

What are the 5 subzones of Valtellina Superiore DOCG from west to east?

A 
Maroggia
Sassella
Grumello
Inferno
Valgella
91
Q

If Valtellina Superiore DOCG wines are bottled in the neighboring territory of Switzerland what are they labeled as?

A

Stagafassli

92
Q

What are the aging requirements for Valtellina Superiore DOCG wines?

A

Superiore:
24 months including 12 months in cask

Riserva:
36 months

93
Q

What style of wine produced in Veneto is comparable to the wines of Valtellina Sfurzat DOCG?

A

Recioto

94
Q

What is the min % of Nebbiolo required in Valtellina Sfurzat DOCG? What is the grape called here?

A

Min 90%

Called Chiavennasca

95
Q

What is the minimum alcohol required for Valtellina Sfurzat DOCG wines?

A

min 14%

96
Q

What are the aging requirements for Valtellina Sfurzat DOCG?

A

min 2 years with min 12 months in wood

97
Q

What town does the Moscato di Scanzo DOCG surround and where is the geographically relation to Franciacorta?

A

Bergamo

West of Franciacorta

98
Q

What is the traditional bottle of the Moscato di Scanzo DOCG? What volume does it hold?

A

500ml Futura

99
Q

What is the local synonym for Vermentino in Liguria?

A

Pigato

100
Q

What are two DOCs in Liguria that produce Pigato (Vermentino) varietally?

A

Colli di Luni DOC

Riviera Ligure di Ponente DOC

101
Q

What are two DOCs that produce Rossese in Liguria?

A

Rossesse di Dolceacqua DOC

Riviera Ligure di Ponente DOC

102
Q

What is a DOC for Bosco white wines in Liguria?

A

Cinque Terre DOC

103
Q

What are the two DOCGs of Emilia-Romagna?

A

Romagna Albana DOCG

Colli Bolognesi Pignoletto DOCG

104
Q

What is the min % of Pignoletto in Colli Bolognese Pignoletto DOCG?

A

min 85%

105
Q

What is Italy’s first white wine DOCG? When was it established? What styles are made here?

A

Romagna Albana DOCG (1987)

Secco, Amabile, Dolce, Passito, and Passito Riserva

106
Q

What are 3 DOCs for Lambrusco in Emilia Romagna? What is the main DOC for Lambrusco in Lombardy?

A

Lambrusco di Sorbara DOC
Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce DOC
Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro DOC

Lambrusco Montovano DOC is the main DOC in Lombardy

107
Q

How many sub varieties are used in the production of Lambrusco in Emilia Romagna?

A

Over 60!!!

108
Q

What is “Riunite” and why is it significant? What appellation is it bottled under?

A

Banfi’s Lambrusco bottling that catapulted Lambrusco into the international spotlight during the 1970s making it one of Italy’s biggest export success stories.

Emilia IGT

109
Q

What are the two parts of the Trentino-Alto Adige known as and what is their respective primary language?

A

Trentino
The southern part and Italian-speaking

Südtirol (Alto Adige)
The northern part and German-speaking

110
Q

What is the capitol city of Südtirol/Alto Adige?

A

Bolzano

111
Q

What DOC encapsulates Trentino-Alto Adige and Verona? What are the majority of wines in this zone released under?

A

Valdadige DOC

But majority are released under the Trentino DOC or Südtiroler (Alto-Adige) DOC

112
Q

What are 6 white grapes produced varietally in Süditroler DOC?

A 
Chardonnay 
Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Grigio
Muller-Thurgau
Pinot Bianco
Gewürztraminer
113
Q

What is Valle Isarco? What is it called in German? What’s produced there?

A

Sub zone of Alto-Adige called Eisacktaler in German

High quality wines frequently produced from German and Austrian varieties such as Silvaner, Veltliner, and Kerner

114
Q

Kerner is a crossing of what grapes?

A

Schiava Grossa x Riesling

115
Q

Where is the best Pinot Bianco grown in Südtiroler DOC?

A

Oltradige just south of Bolzano near Appiano

116
Q

What styles of wine is Terlano DOC reputable for?

A

White wines blended from Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco, and Sauvignon Blanc, delivered in both naked and unoaked styles.

117
Q

What is the most predominant red grape in Alto Adige?

A

Schiava (Vernatsch)

118
Q

What is the premier subzone for Shiava in Alto Adige?

A

Santa Maddelena DOC (St. Magdelener)

119
Q

Lago di Caldero DOC produces red wines from what grape? Where is this? What is its German name?

A

Schiava in the Alto Adige

Kalterersee in German

120
Q

How does Lagrein compare to Schiava in regards to expression? Where is the best Lagrein grown? What is the most common DOC for this?

A

Denser and spicier

Best Lagrein is grown around the area of Gries, just outside of Bolzano

Alto-Adige (Süditroler) is the most common DOC

121
Q

What area of Alto Adige is considered the best for Pinot Nero?

A

Bassa Atesina, Alto Adige’s southernmost growing zone

122
Q

Marzemino is a major red grape of what DOC?

A

Trentino DOC

123
Q

What is the DOC for Teroldego in Trentino-Alto Adige?

A

Teroldego Rotaliano DOC

124
Q

What 4 major red international grapes have shown promise in Trentino-Alto Adige?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet Franc
Merlot
Pinot Nero

125
Q

What two DOCGs represent the height of complexity for the Valpolicella region?

A

Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG

Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG

126
Q

What is the min/max % of Corvina in the Valpolicella DOC and DOCGs? What is the min/max % of Rondinelle permitted? What other three grapes can combine at a max of 15%?

A

min 45% max 95% Corvina

min 5% max 30% Rondinella

Molinara, Negrara, and Oseleta may not exceed 15%

127
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for Valpolicella DOC? Superiore? Recioto? Ripasso?Amarone?

A 
min 11% (Valpolicella)
min 12% (Valpolicella Superiore)
min 12% (Recioto)
min 12.5% (Ripasso) 13.5% for Superiore
min 14% (Amarone)
128
Q

What are the aging requirements for Valpolicella Superiore DOC?

A

min 1 year

129
Q

What lake has the biggest effect on the Valpolicella Classico region?

A

Lake Garda

130
Q

What are the 5 subzones of the Valpolicella Classico region?

A 
Marano
Fumane
Negar
Sant'Ambrogio
San Pietro
131
Q

Valpolicella Classico region is in the easter or western part of the DOC? Valpantena and Illasi?

A

Classico is in the western part

Valpantena and Illasi is in the eastern part.

132
Q

What is the grape drying process used in Italian passito wines?

A

appassimento

133
Q

For how long are grapes dried for the production of Recioto and Amarone della Valpolicella?

A

For at least 3 months or until December 1 of the harvest year

134
Q

What are the specialized lofts called that are used for grape drying for Amarone and Recioto?

A

Fruttai

135
Q

What does the appassimento process contribute to wines stylistically?

A

dried fruit tones, additional alcoholic warmth and a round, glycol mouthfeel to the final wines

136
Q

What are the aging requirements for Amarone della Valpolicella?

A

2 years for Normale

4 years for Riserva

137
Q

What are two top modern producers of Amarone? Top traditional?

A

Dal Forno and Allegrini are the top two modern

Quintarelli is the top traditionalist

138
Q

Which Valpolicella DOC may be spumante?

A

Recioto della Valpolicella

139
Q

How is Valpolicella Ripasso produced?

A

Wine is passed over the unpressed skins of a previous Amarone fermentation and refermented.

140
Q

When did Amarone and Recioto receive DOCG recognition? Ripasso for DOC?

A

All in 2010

141
Q

Which DOC is located between the eastern shores of Lake Garda and the Valpolicella Classico zone? DOCG?

A

Bardolino DOC and Bardolino Superiore DOCG

142
Q

What is the name of the rosé produced in Barolino?

A

Chiaretto

143
Q

What is the min% of Garganega for Soave DOC? What two other grapes are blended in?

A

min 70% Garganega

Trebbiano di Soave and Chardonnay are permitted in the blend

144
Q

What has been coined “Europe’s Largest Vineyard”?

A

Soave DOC

145
Q

What are the two DOCGs of Soave?

A

Recioto di Soave DOCG

Soave Superiore DOCG

146
Q

What is the classico region of Soave also known as? What DOCG requires wines produced exclusively from this region?

A

Colli Scaligeri

Soave Superiore DOCG

147
Q

What are the aging requirements for Soave Superiore DOCG?

A

min 1 year including 3 months bottle aging for Normale

min 2 years for Riserva

148
Q

In what zone must wines be produced from under the Recioto di Soave DOCG? For how long are grapes dried prior to fermentation?

A

Soave Classico or Colli Scaligeri zone (same as for Soave Superiore DOCG)

4-6 months drying

149
Q

Is botrytis encouraged for Recioto di Sove DOCG?

A

yes

150
Q

Of the following three which is NOT permitted to produce spumante?

Soave Superiore DOCG
Recioto di Soave DOCG
Soave DOC

A

Soave Superiore DOCG

151
Q

What DOC produces wines most similar to Soave DOC? Where is it located geographically and what is the min % of Garganega required here?

A

Gambellara DOC located east of Soave DOC

Min 80% Garganega

152
Q

What is the min% of Garganega required for Recioto di Gambellara DOCG? What styles are produced here?

A

min 100% Garganega

Passito and Spumante

153
Q

What is the DOC just north of Gambellara DOC that produces Torcolato? What is Torcolato and what grapes are used? Top producer of it?

A

Breganze DOC

Torcolato is a passito wine produced by hanging grapes in twisting strands to allow them to dry.

Produced from 100% Vespaiolo

Fausto Maculan is the top producer

154
Q

What is the min rs for Torcolato?

A

min 35g/L

155
Q

What is the difference in atm pressure for frizzante vs spumante wines in Veneto?

A

Frizzante is between 1.-2.5atm

Spumante has a min 3.5atm

156
Q

What two DOCGs were established in 2009 for Prosecco production? What sweetness levels of spumante may be produced in both?

A

Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG

Asolo Prosecco DOCG?

brut to demi-sec though most are produced extra dry or brut

157
Q

What is Col Fondo? What must be listed on the label to indicate this?

A

Col Fondo is the original Prosecco production method wherein the wine’s secondary fermentation occurs in the bottle and the wine is not disgorged leaving the lees in the bottle upon release.

It literally translates to “with the bottom” referring to the lees on the bottom.

The term “rifermentazione in bottiglia” must be present on the bottle.

158
Q

What is Torcolato?

A

Passito wine specialty of Breganze DOC made from 100% Vespaiolo grape clusters that have been tied on long strands and hung from rafters, dehydrating and encouraging botrytis along the way.

The drying process lasts for up to 5 months prior to fermentation and the wines are not released following fermentation until December 31 of the year following harvest.

159
Q

What is the most noteworthy cru of Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG? How are these wines labeled and what is the rs range most common?

A

Cartizze

Bottled as Valdobbiadene Superiore di Cartizze and between 17-35g/L RS

160
Q

What is the min % of fruit that must be produced from the stated vintage in a bottle of vintage prosecco?

A

min 85%

161
Q

What will a bottle of Prosecco be labeled as if it doesn’t meet the basic DOC requirements?

A

Glera

162
Q

What is the min% of Glera that must be used in Prosecco DOC and DOCG wines?

A

min 85%

163
Q

Which DOCG is shared between Veneto and Friuli? DOC?

A

Lison DOCG

Prosecco DOC

164
Q

Who is credited with the movement towards cleaner modern white winemaking in the 1960s in Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

A

Mario Schiopetto

165
Q

What are the top two orange wine producers in the Friuli/Slovenia area?

A

Jasko Gravner

Radikon

166
Q

What are the 4 most commonly varietal-bottled international grapes in Friuli?

A

Chardonnay
Sauvignon (Sauvignon Blanc)
Pinot Grigio
Pinot Bianco

167
Q

What are the two passito DOCGs of Friuli-Venezia Giulia and what are their grapes respectively?

A 
Ramandolo DOCG (Verduzzo)
Colli Orientali del Firuli-Picolit DOCG (Picolit)
168
Q

What is the DOCG for Verduzzo passito wines in Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

A

Ramandolo DOCG

169
Q

What is the name of the coolest and highest in elevation sole sub zone of Colli Orientali del Friuli-Picolit DOCG?

A

Cialla

170
Q

Cialla is a sub zone where? Who is the sole producer of this monopole? What are they famous for?

A

Sub zone of Colli Orientali del Friuli-Picolit DOG

monopole of Ronchi di Cialla

Ushering the indigenous grape Schioppettino back from extinction and passito wines from Picolit.

171
Q

Who are the top two Friulian producers making dry and powerful white wines?

A

Miani

Livio Felluga

172
Q

Who are the top two producers of varietal Sauvignon in Friuli?

A

Venica e Venica

Ronco del Gnemiz

173
Q

What is the main grape used by Jasko Gravner for his orange wines?

A

Ribolla Gialla

174
Q

What is the name of the glass produced by Riedel for the Malvasia Istriana grape?

A

Superleggero Loire named because its perfect for Malvasia and also Sauvignon

175
Q

Where is Malvasia Istriana grown? What are 3 DOCs here?

A

Friuli-Venezia Giulia

Collio DOC
Carso DOC
Friuli Isonzo DOC
Friuli Colli Orientali DOC

176
Q

What is Tocai Friulano known as in Friuli? What is it called in Chile and France?

A

Friulano or Tai Bianco

Sauvignon Vert

177
Q

What is the star white grape of Rosazzo DOCG? What is the min % required for these wines?

A

Friulano or Tai

min 50%

178
Q

What is “Terre Alte”? First vintage?

A

Iconic white wine produced by Livio Felluga in the Rosazzo DOCG form mostly Friulano Pinot Bianco and Sauvignon

1981 was the first vintage

179
Q

What DOC produces Friulano varietally?

A

Lison DOC

180
Q

What is the most planted red grape in Friuli?

A

Merlot

181
Q

What are the top three international red grapes produced in Friuli?

A

Merlot
Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet Franc

182
Q

What are the top three indigenous red grapes of Friuli? Which is a relative of the Savoie’s Mondeuse?

A

Refosco (relative of Mondeuse)
Schioppettino
Pignolo

183
Q

What are the two most relevant and quality DOC zones of Friuli?

A

Collio/Colli Goriziano DOC

Colli Orientali del Friuli DOC

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