13) Alkenes Flashcards
(12 cards)
What are stereoisomers?
Compounds with the same molecular and structural formulae but a different arrangement in space.
What is E/Z isomerism?
Stereoisomerism around the double bond in an alkane.
What is cis/trans isomerism?
E/Z isomerism but when one of the atoms on each carbon is hydrogen.
Define alkene.
Unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a C=C bond, which compromises of a pi bond with restricted rotation, and a sigma bond.
What does Cahn-Ingold-Prelog nomenclature tell us has the highest priority?
The ‘stem’ which has the highest atomic number (of the atom closest to the double bond).
Define an electrophile.
An electron pair acceptor.
Name three ways polymers can be disposed of.
Recycling
Use as fuel
Feedstock recycling
How do biodegradable polymers work?
They are broken down by microorganisms.
How do photodegradable polymers work?
They contain bonds weakened by sunlight.
What is the shape around the carbons in the C=C bond in an alkene?
Trigonal planar
What is the bond angle of the C-H bond around the double bond in an alkene?
120 degrees
Describe Markownikoff’s rule.
Tertiary cations are the most stable and primary cations are the least stable, so a product with a tertiary cation will always be the major one etc.
