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Psychology > 13, Developmental Psychology > Flashcards

13, Developmental Psychology Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Developmental Psychology

A

Study of humans across the lifespan

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2
Q

Zygote

A

Single celled organism made from sperm and egg
(first two weeks)

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3
Q

Embryo

A

Child starts to look human, organs and body systems begin forming. Most miscarriages happen here
(from 2 weeks to end of 2nd month)

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4
Q

Fetus

A

(2 months to birth)
Hearing works by 6 months
Last 3 months:
brain cells multiply quick
fat develops under skin
respiratory and digestive systems mature

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5
Q

Teratogens

A

external agents that can harm the fetus
(ex. viruses, drugs, especially sedatives, narcotics, cocaine)

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6
Q

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

A

congenital problems with baby because mom had too much wine while pregnant

tobacco use makes miscarriage, stillbirth, and SIDS more likely

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7
Q

Rooting Reflex

A

baby’s head turns when cheek is touched
(‘rooting’ for nipple)

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8
Q

Babinsky Reflex

A

baby’s toes splay when bottom of foot is stroked

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9
Q

Moro Reflex

A

baby’s limbs splay when it thinks its falling

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10
Q

Habituation

A

decrease in response to something when it is repeatedly there
(don’t notice a room smelling bad if you’ve been there for a while)

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11
Q

Maturation

A

development reflecting the oath of your genetic blueprint

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12
Q

Jean Piaget

A

cognitive development guy

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13
Q

Sucking & palmar reflexes

A

thing in baby mouth, baby suck thing

thing in baby hand, baby grab thing

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14
Q

Schema

A

a representation model, kinda like category

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15
Q

Assimilation

A

adding new ideas to existing schemas
(my dog has four legs, so does that giraffe. giraffe is dog)

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16
Q

Accommodation

A

modifying a schema to accommodate more info

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17
Q

Cognition

A

thinking

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18
Q

Sensorimotor

A

first of Piaget’s stages - up to 2 years old
child acts on objects in environment, attains object permanence

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19
Q

Object Permanence

A

realizing that something can exist even though you don
t see it

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20
Q

Preoperational

A

second of Piaget’s stages - from 2 to 7 yrs
able to use symbolic thought (schemas not present)
still can’t perform mental operations on them
language develops

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21
Q

Conservation

A

thing changed shape but its still same amount of thing
(break a cookie into 6 pieces and I’ll still know its one cookie’s worth of cookie)

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22
Q

Egocentrism

A

seeing world from your own point of view

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23
Q

Artificialism

A

people made everything

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24
Q

Animism

A

everything is alive

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25
Theory of Mind
trying to understand others' mental states (people see the world differently than I do)
26
Autism
starts in early childhood, communication hindrance, difficulty relating to others and social cues difficulty with change
27
Concrete Operational
third of Piaget's stages - age 7 to 11 yrs ability to perform mental operations develops
28
Reversibility
can track train of thought in reverse (how'd I think of that)
29
Formal Operational
fourth of Piaget's stages - age 12+ can use schemas, understand operations, and use these to raise theoretical questions
30
Metacognition
thinking about thinking
31
Erik Erikson
started studying psych across lifespan instead of just until adolescence made stage theory of personality development 8 stages with psychosocial crises that develop one's character
32
Secure Attachment
babies feel loved, secure, confident, playful, etc mom is a secure base, don't like is when she goes away but happy when she's back
33
Insecure Attachment
anxious ambivalent/avoidant AA is stressed about being left all the time even when mom is there Avoidant doesn't really care if she's there or not
34
Mary Ainsworth
made the patterns of attachment theory
35
Permissive Parenting
few expectations and rules, divided into permissive neglectful and permissive indulgent indulgent more loving
36
Authoritative Parenting
clear limits but explanations for them
37
Authoritarian Parenting
do what I say because I say so
38
Lawrence Kohlberg
made the moral development theory
39
Preconventional Morality
age 7 to 10 do things because I don't want punishment and I do want rewards
40
Conventional Morality
age 10 to 16+ conform to societal norms of morality follow a conscience
41
Postconventional Morality
16+ not always reached individual rights/sense of justice outweigh societal norms in decision making
42
Terminal Drop/Decline
swift drop in mental functioning of an old person, typically 1 to 5 years before death verbal skill particularly drops off quick rather than a slow decline
43
Stranger Anxiety
baby stressed because there's another person who's not mom
44
Attachment
close emotional bonds of affection between infants and caregivers
45
Critical Period
use it or lose it if you don't use some of your brain for a part of your life, you will lose the ability to ever be able to use it properly
46
Imprinting
close bond formed with first contact of another rapid phase sensitive learning
47
Basic Trust
good ending of first crisis of Erikson's model baby think needs will be met cause mom is there world is a good place
48
Self-concept
who we think we are
49
Adolescence
people between about 10 and 19 yrs
50
Puberty
the time when a child goes through the most physical and hormonal changes as they become an adult
51
Primary Sex Characteristics
things directly involved in reproduction (testes, ovaries)
52
Secondary Sex Characteristics
qualities of a person not directly involved in reproduction but derivatives of those (voice quality, facial hair, being hot as heck)
53
Menarche
first time a female goes through menstruation
54
Identity
good ending of Erikson's third, adolescence, crisis I know who I am as a person
55
Intimacy
good ending of Erikson's fourth stage, early adulthood I can be close to others
56
Menopause
natural end of a woman's menstrual cycle
57
Alzheimer's Disease
progressive, irreversible brain disorder deteriorates memory, reasoning, language, then physical function of a person
58
Cross-sectional Study
examines people of different groups at the same time, in a short space of time
59
Longitudinal Study
examines how individuals develop by studying the same individuals over a long period of time
60
Generativity
contributing to society and doing things for future generations
61
Crystallized Intelligence
experience and knowledge; comes with time
62
Fluid Intelligence
quick reasoning ability
63
Social Clock
cultural timeline for things happening in someone's life

Psychology (8 decks)

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