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CPR Exam 1 > 13: Systemic Circulation And Hemodynamics > Flashcards

13: Systemic Circulation And Hemodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

Where is stressed vs unstressed volume

A

Stressed: arteries
Unstressed: veins

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2
Q

Pressure and flow in arteries

A

Relatively high

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3
Q

Walls of arterioles

A

Muscular, contract to control flow

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4
Q

Site of greatest control of blood flow and TPR

A

Arterioles

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5
Q

Where is the largest CSA?

A

Capillaries

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6
Q

Largest blood volume is found where?

A

Veins

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7
Q

What happens when diameter of a vessel increases?

A

4 fold increase in flow

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8
Q

Hematocrit

A

Ratio of RBCs to plasma in blood

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9
Q

Change in resistance when adding resistance beds in series vs parallel

A

In series: increases resistance

In parallel: decreases resistance

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10
Q

Are capillaries in series or parallel?

A

Parallel

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11
Q

Where is velocity high and low?

A

High in arteries, low in caps

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12
Q

Where is compliance highest and lowest?

A

Highest: veins
Lowest: arteries

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13
Q

Compliance is the reciprocal of what?

A

Elastance

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14
Q

Where is the largest pressure drop in the vessel system?

A

Arterioles

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15
Q

Greatest and lowest BPs

A

Greatest: systolic: ~120
Lowest: diastolic: ~80

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16
Q

Pulse pressure calculation

A

SBP - DBP -> 40 mmHg

17
Q

MAP calculation

A

1/3 (SBP) + 2/3(DBP)

18
Q

MAP when BP is 120/80

A

93.3 mmHg

19
Q

What increases and decreases in arteriosclerosis?

A

Increases: SBP, MAP, pulse pressure
Decreases: compliance

20
Q

Aortic stenosis: what increases and decreases

A

Decreases: SBP, MAP, pulse pressure

21
Q

What does increased TPR do to pulse pressure curve?

A

Shifts entire curve up with no change in shape

22
Q

Three ways substances are exchanges thru cap wall

A
  1. Clefts
  2. Diffusion
  3. Vesicles
23
Q

What passes thru clefts in caps?

A

Water-soluble substances like lactose, electrolytes, etc.

24
Q

What passes thru caps via diffusion?

A

Lipid soluble substances like O2 and CO2

25
Q

Vasomotion thru caps

A

Is oscillating so that blood isn’t constantly flowing thru caps

26
Q

What causes oscillation in caps

A

Metarterioles, precap sphincters

27
Q

What causes change in starling equatino / fluid enhange

A

Net forces that influence movement of water, intravascular and interstitial pressure

28
Q

What do Pc, pi c, Pif and pi if stand for?

A

Pc: capillary hydrostatic pressure
Pi c: capillary osmotic pressure
Pif: interstitial hydrostatic pressure
Pi if: interstitial osmotic pressure

29
Q

Reactive vs active hyeremia

A

Reactive: occurs after tissue blood supply is blocked for a short time
Active: occurs when tissue metabolic rate increases

30
Q

Which is stronger, epi or norep?

A

Norep

CPR Exam 1 (25 decks)

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