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musculoskeletal anatomy > knee/upper leg > Flashcards

knee/upper leg Flashcards

1
Q

knee joint type

A

condyloid

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2
Q

knee joint planes of motion

A

2

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3
Q

knee primary movements

A

internal, external rotation
flexion, extension

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4
Q

fibula part of knee joint (ligament)

A

lateral collateral ligament

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5
Q

patella type

A

sesamoid

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6
Q

patella engulfed in

A

patellar tendon

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7
Q

patella is sesamoid for

A

“anatomical pulley”, pushes tendon away from joint axis

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8
Q

tibial external and internal rotation occur on ___ plane around ___ axis

A

transverse, longitudinal

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9
Q

knee joint proper

A

tibiofemoral joint

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10
Q

patellofemoral joint type

A

diarthrodial, synovial plane, gliding

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11
Q

static stability from

A

ligaments

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12
Q

dynamic stability from

A

muscles

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13
Q

menisci for

A

static stability

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14
Q

menisci is thicker on outside or inside

A

outside

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15
Q

menisci mechanism of injury

A

flexion, extension, rotation

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16
Q

shape difference between medial and lateral menisci

A

medial is a c shape
lateral is circle

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17
Q

ACL function

A

prevent anterior tibial slide
stabilize knee during rotation

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18
Q

how is the ACL usually injured

A

internal rotation

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19
Q

ACL reconstruction

A

autograph or allograph

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20
Q

ACL injuries more common in

A

females

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21
Q

keys to ACL injury prevention

A

strength, pylometrics, neuromuscular training, enhance endurance

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22
Q

plyometrics

A

flex knee and hips to absorb shock
resist valgus

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23
Q

MCL function

A

prevent gapping at medial joint line
resist vagus forces

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24
Q

PCL function

A

prevent posterior tibial sliding, rotation

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25
Q

PCL MOI

A

rotation, flexion

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26
Q

LCL function

A

resist vagus forces, lateral gapping

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27
Q

capsule of the knee injury

A

bleeding gets caught in capsule, swells

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28
Q

3 ligaments residing in synovial cavity of knee

A

MCL, ACL, PCL

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29
Q

if the infra patellar flat pad gets folded

A

plica

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30
Q

bursae function

A

provide cushioning for structures to run around each other
spacing

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31
Q

knee joint extends ___ degrees

A

180

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32
Q

hyperextension degree

A

under 5

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33
Q

flexion occurs to about ___ degrees

A

140

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34
Q

with knee flexes 30 degrees or greater:
internal rotation ___ degrees
external rotation __ degrees

A

30, 45

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35
Q

as knee approaches full extension, tibia must ________ to achieve proper alignment of tibial and femoral condyles

A

externally rotate 10 degrees

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36
Q

during initial flexion from full extension knee unlocks by

A

tibia rotating internally to achieve flexion

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37
Q

quad muscles

A

rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus medius, vastus lateralis

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38
Q

quad muscle groups located in

A

anterior compartment og thigh

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39
Q

quad muscle strength and endurance is essential for

A

maintenance of patellofemoral stability

40
Q

quarts are particularly prone to

A

atrophy

41
Q

quads ____ muscle inhibition

A

arthogenic

42
Q

OKC

A

open kinetic chain

43
Q

CKC

A

closed kinetic chain

44
Q

OKC function

A

isolate, work only one joint

45
Q

OKC example

A

leg extensions

46
Q

CKC function

A

all three joints working together

47
Q

kinetic chain

A

hip knee and ankle working together

48
Q

CKC example

A

squat

49
Q

quads are __ angle

A

Q

50
Q

ASIS to the ____ of patella

A

center

51
Q

enter of patella to ___ of tibial tuberosity

A

center

52
Q

patellar dislocation is always

A

lateral

53
Q

hamstring muscle group located in

A

posterior component of thigh

54
Q

____ assists medial hamstrings in knee internal rotation

A

popliteus

55
Q

hamstring muscles

A

semitendinosus, biceps femoris, semimembranosus

56
Q

why are the hamstring so prevalent

A

slow down running
eccentric contractions are at risk

57
Q

how many joints do each of the hamstring muscles pass

A

2

58
Q

biarticulate muscles of the knee

A

rectus femoris, all hamstrings

59
Q

passive sufficiency meaning

A

street

60
Q

eccentric muscle activity ___ must be taken into account

A

gravity

61
Q

when squatting the knee

A

flexes

62
Q

type of contraction during squat

A

down eccentric
up concentric

63
Q

muscles activated in squat

A

glutes, quads

64
Q

if femoral nerve is injured

A

cant extend leg

65
Q

femoral nerve block

A

quads, hip flexors

66
Q

femoral artery medial or lateral

A

medial

67
Q

femoral artery clinical connection: with epinephrine where do we want to stick the needle

A

lateral side

68
Q

common perineal division injury

A

drop foot

69
Q

rectus femoris 2 origin

A

iliac spine, acetabulum

70
Q

rectus femoris insertion

A

tibial tuberosity

71
Q

rectus femoris motion

A

extend knee, flex hip

72
Q

vastus lateralis origin

A

greater trochanter

73
Q

vastus lateralis insertion

A

patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity

74
Q

vastus lateralis motion

A

extend knee

75
Q

vastus intermedius origin

A

anterior femur

76
Q

vast intermedius insertion

A

tibial tuberosity

77
Q

vast intermedius motion

A

extend knee

78
Q

vastus medialis origin

A

linea aspera, medial condyle

79
Q

vastus medals insertion

A

tibial tuberosity

80
Q

vastus medialis motion

A

extend knee

81
Q

semitendinosus origin

A

ischial tuberosity

82
Q

semitendinosus insertion

A

medial tibia

83
Q

semitendinosus motion

A

flex knee, extend hip

84
Q

semimembranosus origin

A

ischial tuberosity

85
Q

semimembranosus insertion

A

medial tibial condyle

86
Q

semimembranosus motion

A

flex knee, extend hip

87
Q

biceps femoris origin (2)

A

ischial tuberosity
lateral condyloid ridge

88
Q

biceps femoris insertion

A

tibial condyle, head of fibula

89
Q

biceps femoris motion

A

flex knee, extend hip, external rotation of hip

90
Q

popliteus origin

A

posterior lateral condyle of femur

91
Q

popliteus insertion

A

posterior medial tibia

92
Q

popliteus motion

A

flex knee

93
Q

“unlocking” muscle

A

popliteus

94
Q

knee internal rotation agonists

A

semimebranosus, semitendinosus, popliteus

95
Q

knee external rotation agonist

A

bicep femoris

musculoskeletal anatomy (13 decks)

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