The Nature of Communities Flashcards

1
Q

how are invasive species problematic

A

they compete with the native species

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2
Q

How does one very abundant invasive species influence the other species in the community?

A
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3
Q

communities (def.)

A

groups oof interacting species that occur together at the same place in time

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4
Q

Community (def).

A

A number of species in a single space

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5
Q

What might a physically defined community include?

A

All species in a sand dune, mountain stream, or desert.

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6
Q

What may a Biologically defined community include?

A

all the species associated with a kelp forest, freshwater bog, or a coral reef

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7
Q

Taxonomic affinity

A

all of a certain animal within a community

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8
Q

Functional group

A

species that function in similar ways

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9
Q

trophic level

A

describe the feeding positions of organisms in ecosystems

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10
Q

How can organisms be grouped?

A

into trophic levels

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11
Q

1st trophic level

A

autotrophs

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12
Q

What is another name for auotroph?

A

producers

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13
Q

second trophic level

A

herbivores that consume autotrophs, also include detritivores that consume dead organic matter

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14
Q

3rd trophic levels

A

Carnivores that consume animals from the level below

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15
Q

dead organisms and feces are consumed by organisms called

A

detritivores

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16
Q

Decomposition

A

the breakdown of nutrients in decaying matter.

17
Q

Species diversity

A

combines species richness and species evenness

18
Q

Species richness

A

the number of species in a community

19
Q

Species evenness

A

relative abundance compared with one another

20
Q

Species accumulation curve

A

species richness plotted as a function of total number of individuals counted

21
Q

Direct interaction

A

between two species

22
Q

Indirect interactions

A

The relationship between two species is mediated by a third (or more) species.

23
Q

trophic cascade

A

carnivore eats an herbivore (a direct negative effect on the herbivore)

24
Q

trophic facilitation

A

A consumer is indirectly facilitated by a positive interaction between its prey and another species.

25
Q

another name for dominant species

A

foundation species

26
Q

keystone species

A

a species that has strong effects because of their role in a community