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Ecology > Energy Flow and Food Webs > Flashcards

Energy Flow and Food Webs Flashcards

1
Q

POP’s

A

Persistent organic pollutants

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2
Q

Endocrine disruptors

A

hormone mimics

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3
Q

How are ecological roles of organisms determined?

A

by their trophic level

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4
Q

What does energy transfer from one trophic level to the next depend on?

A

food quality and consumer abundance and physiology

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5
Q

what does a trophic pyramid portray?

A

relative amounts of energy biomass in each trophic level

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6
Q

What gets dispersed in the transfer from one trophic level to the next

A

Energy

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7
Q

What factors do you think determine how much energy flows from one trophic level to the next?

A

Amount of NPP
Proportion of each trophic level consumed by the one above it
Nutritional content of autotrophs, detritus, and prey
Efficiency of energy transfers

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8
Q

NPP

A

Net sugars from primary producers

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9
Q

In terrestrial ecosystems, how are energy and biomass similar?

A

Biomass is closely associated with energy production

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10
Q

What happens to the biomass pyramid in aquatic ecosystems

A

The pyramid is inverted

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11
Q

What is the effect of herbivores being constrained by predators?

A

they never reach their carrying capacity

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12
Q

trophic efficiency

A

the amount of energy at one trophic level divided by the amount of energy at thee trophic level immediately below it.

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13
Q

What are the components of trophic efficiency?

A

consumption efficiency
assimilation efficiency
production efficiency

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14
Q

Consumption efficiency

A

Proportion of available energy that is ingested

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15
Q

assimilation efficiency

A

Proportion of ingested food that is assimilated
difference in what is pooped out and what is taken in

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16
Q

Production efficiency

A

proportion of assimilated food that goes into new consumer biomass

17
Q

Where is consumption efficiency higher?

A

in aquatic ecosystems rather than in terrestrial ecosystems

18
Q

Where else is consumption efficiency higher?

A

CARNIVORES rather than Herbivores

19
Q

what is Assimilation efficiency determined by

A

food quality rather than consumer physiology

20
Q

Why are endotherms deficient with food?

A

because we spend so much energy trying to heat our body

21
Q

What is production efficiency strongly related to?

A

Thermal physiology and the size of the consumer

22
Q

Whats the difference between endotherms and exotherms?

A

They allocate more energy to heat production and have less for growth and reproduction

23
Q

Bioaccumulation

A

some chemicals are not metabolized or excreted and become progressively more concentrated in tissues over an organisms lifetime.

24
Q

biomagnification

A

concentration of these compounds increases as animals at higher trophic levels, as animals in each trophic level consume prey with higher concentrations of the compounds.

Ecology (9 decks)

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