Miscarriage

Question 1

What is early miscarriage

Answer 1

Before 12 weeks gestation

Question 2

Late mmiscarriage when is it?

Answer 2

12-24 weeks

Question 3

What is missed miscarriage?

Answer 3

Foetus no longer alive, no symptoms have occured

Question 3

What is missed miscarriage?

Answer 3

Foetus no longer alive, no symptoms have occured

Question 4

What is threatened miscarriage?

Answer 4

Vaginal bleeding with a closed cervix and foetus still alive

Question 5

Inevitable miscarriage

Answer 5

Vaginal bleeding with an open cervix

Question 6

What is incomplete miscarraige

Answer 6

Retained products of conception remain in uterus after miscarriage

Question 6

What is incomplete miscarraige

Answer 6

Retained products of conception remain in uterus after miscarriage

Question 7

What is complete miscarraige

Answer 7

Full miscarriage has occured and there are no products of conception left in the uterus

Question 8

What is complete miscarraige

Answer 8

Full miscarriage has occured and there are no products of conception left in the uterus

Question 9

Anembryonic prgnancy what is

Answer 9

Gestational sac present but contains no embryo

Question 10

What is the diagnosis of hcoice for miscarriage

Answer 10

Tranvaginal US scan

Question 11

What are three key features on US in early pregnancy as develops

Answer 11

Eman gestational sac diameter
Foetal pole and crown rump length
Foetal heartbeat

Question 12

When is a pregnancy considered viable

Answer 12

When foetal heartbeat is visible

Question 13

When is a foetal heartbeat expected

Answer 13

When crown-rump length is 7mm or more

Question 14

What happens when there is no foetal heartbeat and the crown rump length is <7mm vs >7mm

Answer 14

<7mm - scan repeated after at least one week to ensure decelopment of HB
>7mm - scan repeated after a week before confirming non viable pregnancy

Question 15

When is a foetal pole expected?

Answer 15

5-6 weeks
seen as 3-5mm thickening around yolk sac

Question 16

What happens when the mean gestational sac diameter is >25mm

Answer 16

Scan repeated after another week
To confirm anembryonic pregnancy

Question 17

What is expectant managmenet of a miscarriage

Answer 17

Wait for miscarriage without investigations or treamtent (cant view on US too small)

Question 18

When is expectant miscarriage done?

Answer 18

Less than 6 weeks gestation with no pain or complications

Question 19

How is an expectant miscarriage confirmed

Answer 19

Repeat urine pregnancy test performed after 7-10 days

Question 20

Where to refer to when bleeding in more thna 6 weeks gestation

Answer 20

Early pregnancy assessment unit

Question 21

Investigations for bleeding in over 6 weeks oregnancy

Answer 21

US scan to confirm location and viability of the pregnancy (rule out ectopic)

Question 22

What are the three management options for miscarriage

Answer 22

Expectant
Medical - misoprostol
Surgical