lecture 21 - childhood disorders 1

Question 1

What is the difference between a Intellectual Disability (IDD) and a specific learning disability?

Answer 1

IDDs have global difficulties in information processing which specific learning disabilities involve specific cognitive difficulties

Question 2

What are the 3 DSM-5 criteria for an Intellectual Disability?

Answer 2

1.) deficits in intellectual functioning (reasoning, problem solving, planning, learning, judgement)
2.) deficits in adaptive function leading to failure to develop socially acceptable independence and social responsibility
3.) onset during developmental period

Question 3

What are the 2 conceptualised types of Intellectual Disability?

Answer 3

Delay and difference

Question 4

What is a ‘delay’ in terms of intellectual disability?

Answer 4

Development occurring in the same way as typical, but is slower and the normal level is not reached

Question 5

What is a ‘difference’ in terms of intellectual disability?

Answer 5

Different pattern of intellectual development to normal, with normal levels never reached

Question 6

Are ‘delays’ or ‘differences’ more common in mild intellectual disability?

Answer 6

Delays

Question 7

Are ‘delays’ or ‘differences’ more common in severe intellectual disabilities?

Answer 7

Differences

Question 8

Are intellectual disabilities more common in males or females?

Answer 8

Males

Question 9

What are the adverse prenatal environments that can result in intellectual disability for the child?

Answer 9

Alcohol use, lead poisoning, maternal infection

Question 10

What are the 3 domains of Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Answer 10

Social, Communication, Repetitive & Restrictive Behaviour

Question 11

What is the DSM-5 criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Answer 11

1.) social & language difficulty: social-emotional reciprocity, nonverbal communicative behaviours, relationships
2.) 2+ restricted/repetitive behaviours
3.) symptoms present in childhood
4.) clinically significant impairment

Question 12

What is Social Communication Disorder?

Answer 12

Related to ASD, involves pragmatic difficulties with language & communication, but without restricted/repetitive behaviour

Question 13

What are the risk factors for autism?

Answer 13

family history, maternal/paternal age, perinatal complications

Question 14

What eating difficulties commonly present with ASD?

Answer 14

Restricted range of foods, aversion to textures

Question 15

What are the 2 most common supports provided for children with ASD?

Answer 15

Occupational therapy, speech-language therapy