lecture 22 - childhood disorders 2

Question 1

What are the 3 types of ADHD?

Answer 1

Inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive, combined

Question 2

What does ADHD stand for?

Answer 2

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Question 3

What are the DSM-5 longitudinal criteria for ADHD?

Answer 3

Hyperactive-impulsive or inattentive symptoms causing impairment before the age of 12

Question 4

What are the DSM-5 cross-sectional criteria for ADHD?

Answer 4

Impairment from symptoms in two or more settings

Question 5

What are the presentations of Inattention in ADHD?

Answer 5

failure to pay attention to details, careless mistakes, poor listening, failure to follow instructions, losing things, distraction, poor organisation, forgetful

Question 6

What are the presentations of Hyperactivity & impulsivity in ADHD?

Answer 6

fidgeting, leaving seat in classroom, running, unable to be quiet, excessive talking, interrupting

Question 7

Is ADHD more prevalent in males or females?

Answer 7

Males (2:1)

Question 8

What are the risk factors for ADHD?

Answer 8

genetic, pregnancy/birth/early life complication, family influence

Question 9

What is the key neurobiological characteristic of ADHD?

Answer 9

Underactivity of the frontal lobes

Question 10

What are the possible associated problems to ADHD?

Answer 10

Tourette’s Disorder, ASD, Trauma/maltreatment, suicide, substance abuse, challenging behaviour

Question 11

What are the cognitive problems associated with ADHD?

Answer 11

academic underachievement, poor language skills, poor application of intelligence

Question 12

What emotional & social problems are associated with ADHD?

Answer 12

difficulty reading people, poor emotional regulation, peer rejection, family stress, sleep problems

Question 13

What is the best treatment strategy for ADHD?

Answer 13

Medication AND behavioural therapy

Question 14

What class of medication is used in ADHD treatment?

Answer 14

Stimulant medication

Question 15

What are the 3 key disorders under the Disruptive, Impulse-Control & Conduct Disorder category of the DSM-5?

Answer 15

Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Intermittent Explosive Disorder, Conduct Disorder

Question 16

What are the possible outcomes of conduct problems?

Answer 16

suicide, substance abuse, crime, mental illness, poor physical health

Question 17

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Oppositional Defiant Disorder?

Answer 17

1.) pattern of anger/irritability for at least 6 months
2.) distress in social settings with a negative impact on social/educational functioning

Question 18

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Intermittent Explosive Disorder?

Answer 18

1.) recurrent behavioural outbursts and failrue to control aggression (verbal, physical)
2.) magnitude of aggression disproportional
3.) not premeditated
4.) cause marked distress
5.) over 6 years old
6.) not better explained by other disorder

Question 19

What is the DSM-5 criteria for conduct disorder?

Answer 19

1.) repetitive pattern of age inappropriate violations of rules/norm, i.e:
- aggression to people/animals
- destruction of property
- theft/deceitfulness
- serious rule violation