week 14

Question 1

blind participants have a smaller center of pressure displacement than a blind participants with eyes closed

Answer 1

true

Question 2

after the initial recovery period, postural sway with eyes open is often ___ that observed in control

Answer 2

similar too

Question 3

if they close their eyes or adopt a challenging posture - their sway is

Answer 3

more than

Question 4

does the cortex control the rhythmic nature of locomotion

Answer 4

no

Question 5

neural control of gait does the cortex control alternating patterns of muscle activity

Answer 5

• spinal cord lesion: still see locomotor-like behavior
  -alternating activity must result from spinal cord control

Question 6

swing phase of running

Answer 6

80%

Question 7

which of the following is not evidence that proves proprioception is important for standing balance

Answer 7

increases say when standing inside a room with moving walls

Question 8

sensory feedback is important for

Answer 8

-initiating walking
-controlling phase transition
-regulating the level of muscle activity
-correcting for unexpected disturbances

Question 9

controlling phase and timing of the transition

Answer 9

making the transition from stance to swing during walking
- stretch hip flexors (muscle spindles)
-inhibit knee extensor and cause earlier onset of knee flexor
- muscle receptors in hip flexor signal when swing phase should be initiated

Question 10

stumbling corrective response

Answer 10

-encounter obstacles during swing phase
-automatic flexion response to step over the obstacle

Question 11

central pattern generators

Answer 11

group of neurons in the spinal cord that helps original the output of this activity

Question 12

what about the same stimulus during stance?

Question 13

infants

Answer 13

• have no corticospinal input onto alpha motor neurons
• exhibit stepping movements in utero
• Infant walking would be a good model to study