Section 4 Common Specialist Technical Principles Flashcards
6 R’s worst to best
Recycle - Making the waste into something else by reprocessing it and making it into a new product, eg plastic bottles are recycled to produce new plastic products
Repair - To fix a product that is broken, to extend its usable lifespan
Reuse - Using a product more than once, for the same or a different purpose.
Reduce - To use less unsustainable materials
Rethink - considering the adoption of more sustainable alternatives
Refuse - avoiding unsustainable materials or products
How are products recycled
They can be sorted at home into boxes and brought to recycling centre
> Magnets can separate metals
> Infrared can separate plastics
> They are processed, paper is made into a pulp, glass and metal is melted
social responsibility
Making sure no ones health or way of life is harmed
> They can make jobs
> Fair trade make sure developing countries are paid fairly, if they have the logo they’ve met international fair trade standards
press moulding
The former mould presses into the indented mould which sets the thermosetting plastic into a permanent shape
blow moulding
softened plastic is inserted in a solid mould
> Air is pushed in and expands the plastic to the shape of the mould
die casting
metal or plastic is melted and poured into the mould
injection moulding
The molten material is forced into a closed mould under pressure
> It is automatic and continuous
extrusion
The material is melted and passed through a die
> It produces long, continuous strips of the material
one-off production
Every item is different
> It is labour intensive, taking time and lots of skill
> Makes detailed designs and high quality products
> It makes made to measure things and special products
batch production
Specific quantity of a product is made
> They can be repeated
> Machinery and workforce are flexible and could change to make a different batch
> Uses jigs, moulds and cheaper products
mass production
Making thousands of identical products, like newspapers or cars
> It is used for the mass-market products
> The stages are broken down into stages with repetitive tasks
> It mainly uses CAD/CAM for the production line
> In the assembly line, it is put together
> Workers do a small part of the whole process
> Recruitment is easy, you don’t need them to be highly skilled
> Makes basic designs and cheap materials
continuous production
It runs all the time
> It would be too expensive to stop and start so it is constant
> They make huge amount of one thing
> It’s expensive to set up by the cost per item s cheap because it is so efficient
> It makes things like chemicals or aluminium foil
What is Just in Time
JIT system delivers materials and components to as they are need and uses them straight away
> It saves space on storage
> They don’t tie up money in unused materials
> However, it need the materials to be on time and fault free
commercial manufacturing
> A system of parts that work together to form a function
It may include subsystems that product different parts of the products which are then assemble to make the product
3 parts of a system
Input - material, tools and equipment
> Process - what happens
> Output - the result of the system, finished product
How do systems improve manufacture
They make them more efficient
> They can contain feedback loops for quality checks
