hospital acquired infection Flashcards
1
Q
what is a hospital acquired infection?
A
an infection acquired in hospital 48 hours after admission
2
Q
which pathogens cause hospital acquired infection?
A
- virus: Hep B + c, HIV
- bacteria: staph aureus, C.difficile, E.coli
- fungi: candida albicans, aspergillus species
- parasites: malaria
3
Q
what pathogen factors cause hospital acquired infections?
A
- virulence factors
- ecological interactions - other bacteria, antibiotics
4
Q
what patient factors cause hospital acquired infections?
A
- extremes of age
- obesity
- diabetes
- cancer
- immunocompromised
5
Q
what practice factors cause hospital acquired infections?
A
- general and specific activities of healthcare workers
- policies and their implementation
- organisational structure and engagement
6
Q
what place factors cause hospital acquired infections?
A
healthcare environment: fixed features (num of beds in a bay), variable features
7
Q
what are the different interventions to prevent hospital acquired infections?
A
- patient: stop smoking, controlled diabetes, hand hygiene
- patient to patient transmission: physical barriers (isolating patients)
- healthcare workers to patient transmission: good clinical technique, hand hygience, PPE
- environment to patient transmission: good food hygience, theatres, single use equipment, steam cleaning
