CHAPTER 14

Question 1

Stressors

Answer 1

Specific events or chronic pressures that place demands on a person or threaten the person’s well-being

Question 2

Stress:

Answer 2

The physical and psychological response to internal or external stressors

Question 3

Health psychology:

Answer 3

The subfield of psychology is concerned with how psychological factor influence the causes and treatment of physical illness and the maintenance of health

Question 4

Chronic stressors:

Answer 4

Sources of stress that occur continuously or repeatedly

Question 5

flight-or-flight response

Answer 5

An emotional and physiological reaction to an emergency that increases readiness for action

Question 6

General adaptation syndrome:

Answer 6

(Hans Selye) a three-stage physiological stress response that appears regardless of the stressors encountered
Alarm phase (mobilizing resources to deal with the threat)
Resistance phase (adapts to arousal to cope with stressor)
Exhaustion phase (the body resistance collapses)

Question 7

telomers

Answer 7

Caps at the ends of the chromosomes that prevent the chromosome from sticking to each other

Question 8

telomerase

Answer 8

an enzyme that rebuilds telomerase at the tips of chromosomes

Question 9

Immune system:

Answer 9

A complex response system that protects the body from bacteria, viruses and other foreign substances

Question 10

Lymphocytes:

Answer 10

(including t cells and b cells) which produce antibodies that fight infection

Question 11

Type A behaviour:

Answer 11

A tendency towards easily aroused hostility, impatience a sense of time urgency and competitive achievement strivings

Question 12

Burnout:

Answer 12

A state of physical, emotional and mental exhaustion resulting from ling-term involvement in an emotionally demanding situation accompanied by lowered performance and motivation

Question 13

Repressive coping:

Answer 13

Avoiding feelings, thoughts, or situations that are reminders of a stressor and maintaining an artificially positive viewpoint

Question 14

Rational coping:

Answer 14

Involves facing the stressor and working to overcome it

Question 15

Reframing:

Answer 15

Finding a new or creative way to think about a stressor that reduces its threat

Question 16

Stress-inoculation training (SIT):

Answer 16

A reframing technique that helps people cope with stressful situations by developing a positive way to think bo the situation

Question 17

Meditation:

Answer 17

A practice of intention contemplation

Question 18

Relaxation therapy:

Answer 18

A technique for reducing tension by consciously relaxing muscles of the body

Question 19

Relaxation response:

Answer 19

A cognition of reduced muscle tension, cortical activity, heart rate, breathing rate and blood pressure

Question 20

Biofeedback:

Answer 20

The use of an external monitoring device to obtain information about bodily function and then to possibly gain control over that function

Question 21

Social support:

Answer 21

aid gained through interacting with others
singles are more likely to die from heart disease, cancer, pneumonia and influenza and cirrhosis

Question 22

Psychosomatic illness:

Answer 22

An interaction between mind and body that can produce illness - explores which mind can influence the body and vice versa

Question 23

Somatic symptom disorder:

Answer 23

In which a person with at least one bodily symptom displays significant health-related anxiety, expresses disproportionate concerns about their symptoms and devotes excessive time and energy to their symptoms or health concerns

Question 24

Sick role:

Answer 24

A socially recognized set of rights and obligations linked with illness

Question 25

Self-regulation:

Answer 25

The exercise of voluntary control over the self to bring the self into line with preferred standards