Basis of Psychology Flashcards
Monism
mind and body are connected
-Hebrews, Aristotle, Augustine
Dualism
mind and body are separate
-Socrates, Plato, Descartes
Inborn Ideas
we are born with ideas
-Socrates, Plato
Blank Slate
we are born w/o ideas … Tabula Rasa
-Aristotle, John Locke
Structuralism
how is the mind organized and related for the study of consciousness
*Wilhelm Wundt
Functionalism
how does the consciousness (thoughs, feelings) function to help people adapt
*William James
*influenced by Darwin
Introspection
the process of attempting to directly access one’s interal mental processes, judgements, perceptions, states - look inward
*Edward Tichener
*inspired structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
consciousness is best understood by observing whole experience
*whole is greater than the sum
*Max Wertheimer
Manifest Content
overtly expressed and consciously intended in dreams (storyline)
Latent Content
hidden/disguised meanings, wishes, ideas in dreams (meaning)
Behaviorism
only study what can be observed and measured objectively
*thoughts and mental processes not relevant
Neuroscience Perspective
understanding how brain/body creates thoughts/emotions/memories, how are messages transmitted
*biological anatomy
*physical body
Evolutionary Perspective
how natural selection has caused behaviors and genes to develop/adapt
*natural selection
*genes
*reproduce
Behavior Genetics Perspective
how genes + environment influence individual differences, the extent to which they influence personality/intelligence/disorders
Psychodynamic Perspective
unconscious mind is director of all behavior
*new psychoanalysis
