Wallace_Indicative

Question 1

Define mood

Answer 1

the feature of the verb that presents the verbal action or state with reference to its actuality or potentiality (more fully defined: feature of a verb that a speaker uses to portray his affirmation as to the certainty of the verbal action or state (whether an actuality or potentiality)

Question 2

Define indicative mood

Answer 2

mood of assertion (or presentation of certainty)

Question 3

Define declarative indicative

Answer 3

routinely used to present an assertion as a noncontingent statement (normal use)

Question 4

Define interrogative indicative

Answer 4

indicative used as a question

Question 5

Define conditional indicative

Answer 5

the use of the indicative in the protasis of conditional sentences (the conditional element is made explicit with the particle εἰ)

Question 6

What is the first class conditional clause

Answer 6

indicates the assumption of truth for the sake of argument

Question 7

What is the second class conditional clause

Answer 7

indicates the assumption of an untruth for the sake of argument

Question 8

Define potential indicative

Answer 8

used with verbs of obligation, wish, or desire followed by an infinitive (the nature of the verb root, rather than the indicative, is what makes it look like a potential modd in its semantic force; includes ὀπειλω, δει, βουλομαι, θελω)

Question 9

Define cohortative indicative

Answer 9

future indicative is sometimes used for a command (almost always in OT quotations; outside of Matt. not common)

Question 10

What are the three broad categories for the ὃτι

+ indicative clauses?

Answer 10

Substantival, epexegetical, and causal

Question 11

What are the two common designations for the substantival use of ὃτι + indicative

Answer 11

noun (or nominal) clause or content clause

Question 12

Like a noun, the ὃτι + indicative has what two common uses (plus one uncommon)

Answer 12

1: commonly: direct object, or apposition
2: uncommonly: subject,

Question 13

What two categories does the ὃτι + indicative direct object have (plus one uncommon)?

Answer 13

1: commonly: direct discourse, indirect discourse
2: uncommonly: direct proper object

Question 14

Define ὃτι + indicative direct discourse. And how should it be translated?

Answer 14

1. the ὃτι contains direct speech after a verb of perception (eg saying, thinking, believing, knowing, seeing, hearing; common)
2. Don’t translate the ὃτι, use quotation marks

Question 15

Define ὃτι + indicative indirect discourse. And how should it be translated?

Answer 15

1. the ὃτι contains reported speech or thought after a verb of perception (eg saying, thinking, believing, knowing, seeing, hearing; common)
2. translate as “that”

Question 16

How does English and Greek differ in describing indirect discourse/

Answer 16

1. English: pushes the tense back “one slot” (“I see the dog” becomes “He saw the dog” or “I saw the dog” becomes “He had seen the dog”
2. Greek: the tense is retained (our translation will probably need to put it one slot back; ὃτι ἧλθον becomes “I have come” [even though aorist not perfect])

Question 17

Describe the ὃτι + indicative use as an apposition. And how should it be translated

Answer 17

1. can stand in apposition to a noun, pronoun, or other substantive
2. namely, or that

Question 18

Describe the ὃτι + indicative use as epexegetical. And how should it be translated

Answer 18

1. it explains, clarifies, or completes a previous word or phrase
2. “to the effect that”

Question 19

Describe the ὃτι + indicative use as causal. And how should it be translated

Answer 19

1. introduces a dependent causal clause
2. “because,” “for”
   (must be differentiated from the declarative use of ὃτι; ask these two questions

Question 20

What are the nuances and what two sets of two questions can I as to differentiate between the causal or the declarative use of the ὃτι

Answer 20

1. does it give content (declarative) for what precedes?
2. does it give a reason (causal) for what precedes?
3. Are the verb tenses in the ὃτι clause translated normally (causal)?
4. Are the verb tenses in the ὃτι clause translated one slot back (declarative)?